伤寒沙门菌动物模型研究进展

目前伤寒沙门菌引起的人类伤寒仍是一种严重危害人类健康的疾病,且近年来多重耐药伤寒沙门菌株频频出现,使伤寒的治疗更加棘手.由于该菌具有严格的宿主特异性,又缺乏理想的动物模型,其致病机制的研究、疫苗及药物的研发受制约.新近研究发现,免疫系统人源化小鼠模型和诱导型一氧化氮合酶基因敲除小鼠模型可用于伤寒沙门菌的体内实验.本文就其应用现状及缺憾作一综述.

Advances in animal models for Salmonella enterica serovar Typhi infection

Typhoid fever is a classical human systemic infection caused by Salmonella enterica serovar Typhi （S. typhi）. It was identified one hundred years ago and continues as a persistent global health problem. In addition to the disease burden and mortality, the emergence of multidrug-resistant strains of S. poses a new level of challenges. Because S. typhi is a human-restricted pathogen, typhoid fever research has been limited due to the lack of appropriate animal models. Recently, humanized immune system （HIS） mouse and inducible nitric oxide synthase （iNOS） knockout mouse emerge as two useful tools in the study of pathogenesis of S. typhi and immune responses. The merit and shortage of HIS mice and iNOS-deficient mice are reviewed in this article.