婴儿与母亲皮肤细菌群落结构的比较分析

为探索母婴皮肤细菌群落特征,本研究对8对母婴7个不同皮肤部位的细菌群落进行焦磷酸测序分析。结果显示,皮肤细菌主要属于放线菌门(Actinobacteria)、厚壁菌门(Firmicutes)、变形菌门(Proteobacteria)和拟杆菌门(Bacteroidetes)。总体而言,母婴皮肤细菌群落的组成相似,但丰度存在差异。母亲皮肤表面的丙酸杆菌属(Propionibacterium)丰度显著高于婴儿(P<0.05)。在婴儿皮肤表面,链球菌属(Streptococcus)和葡萄球菌属(Staphylococcus)最丰富;剖宫产出生的婴儿额头表面葡萄球菌属的丰度显著高于自然分娩出生的婴儿(P<0.05)。婴儿皮肤表面特有的常驻菌属包括孪生球菌属(Gemella)、普雷沃菌属(Prevotella)、罗思菌属(Rothia)和韦荣球菌属(Veillonella)与成人常见的口腔细菌一致,表明母亲的口腔细菌对婴儿早期皮肤微生态有一定的塑造作用。婴儿皮肤表面的细菌种类与自己母亲相近,各细菌的含量则与其他婴儿相近。母亲皮脂溢出部位(额头和背部)的细菌多样性较其他部位低,且皮肤潮湿、干燥、脂溢部位之间细菌群落差异较大;而婴儿背部细菌群落与肘窝相似,额头与手背相似。

Comparison of skin bacterial communities of infants and their mothers

Skin sites with different properties of 8 pairs of mothers and infants were analyzed for comparison of bacterial communities between mothers and infants using pyrosequencing. The main bacteria for total of skin samples were Actinobacteria, Firmicutes, Proteobacteria and Bacteroidetes. The core members of bacteria on mothers and infants’ skin were similar. However, the abundance was not. The percentage of Propionibacterium was higher in mothers’ skin sites than that in infants’ skin sites (P<0.05). Streptococcus and Staphylococcus were two main genera in infants’ skin. Moreover, Staphylococcus was more abundant on glabella in caesarean-born infants than vaginally born infants (P<0.05). Most of the unique genera detected in infants (Gemella, Prevotella, Rothia and Veillonella) were the common oral bacteria from mothers. It is suggested that oral bacteria from mothers may influence the skin micro-ecosystem of infants in early life. Bacterial communities of each infant were close to his/her mother, while bacterial community structure was similar to other infants. The sebaceous sites of mothers, like glabella and back, showed lower bacterial diversities than other sites. In mother’s samples, sebaceous, moist and dry sites had their own bacterial populations separately. However, in infants’ samples, the bacterial community in back was similar to that in antecubital fossa, and the bacterial community in glabella was similar to that in hand back.