旋花蛾性信息素成分的鉴定

提取和鉴定了杂草田旋花Convolvulus arvensis的天敌旋花蛾Tyta luctuosa的性信息素主要成分，并应用风洞实验对雄蛾进行了测试。结果表明，腺体提取物和雌蛾求偶时所释放的主要性信息素成分均为2种化合物：顺-9-十四碳烯醛（Z9-14∶Ald）和顺-11-十六碳烯醛（Z11-16∶Ald）。腺体提取物中2种化合物的总量在个体间差异很大（22～167 ng），但二者的比率相对稳定（Z9-14∶Ald/Z11-16∶Ald=0.3±0.15）。雌蛾所释放的性信息素量及比率在个体间也存在差异。每只雌蛾求偶时平均每小时释放94 ng Z9-14∶Ald和45 ng Z11-16∶Ald，平均比率为2.2。风洞实验结果显示，48%的雄蛾可被合成的性信息素混合物（0.4 μg Z9-14∶Ald, 2 μg Z11-16∶Ald）引诱完成逆风飞行并最终触及刺激源，而2种对照组（以求偶期雌蛾或性信息素腺体提取物为刺激源）的引诱率则分别为62%和44%。

Identification of sex pheromone of the moth, Tyta luctuosa

The major sex pheromone components of Tyta luctuosa, a potential biological control agent for field bindweed, were extracted, identified, and tested with male moths in a wind tunnel. Two compounds, (Z)-9-tetradecenal and (Z)-11-hexadecenal, were identified as the major female sex pheromone components from the pheromone gland extracts and airborne emissions from the calling females. Although the total amount of the two compounds in the extracts varied (22～167 ng, mean 75±56 ng) among individuals, the ratio of (Z)-9-tetradecenal to (Z)-11-hexadecenal was relatively constant at 0.3±0.15. The emission rate and the ratio also varied among individuals. Calling females released an average of 94 ng of (Z)-9-tetradecenal and 45 ng of (Z)-11-hexadecenal per hour with a mean ratio of 2.2. in wind tunnel tests, 48% of males completed upwind flight and touched the stimulus source in response to the synthetic pheromone blend of 0.4 μg of (Z)-9-tetradecenal and 2 μg of (Z)-11-hexadecenal, compared with 62% and 44% in response to the calling females and pheromone gland extracts, respectively.