鱼藤酮对果蝇运动行为及果蝇头部多巴胺合成相关酶基因表达的影响

为了探讨鱼藤酮对黑腹果蝇Drosophila melanogaster运动行为的影响与其头部多巴胺水平之间的关系，我们测定了鱼藤酮对黒腹果蝇成虫运动行为、头部多巴胺水平及酪氨酸羟化酶和多巴脱羧酶基因表达的影响。结果表明：与取食未加入药剂饲料的果蝇相比雌成虫用0.2～0.8 mmol/L、雄成虫用0.1～0.8 mmol/L浓度药液配制的饲料连续饲养6 d后运动能力显著下降，在0.8 mmol/L浓度下雌、雄成虫的运动能力分别仅为对照的55.6%和49.1%。取食用0.8 mmol/L浓度药液配制饲料6，12和21 d的果蝇雌、雄成虫头部多巴胺水平均显著下降，雌成虫头部多巴胺水平分别为对照雌成虫的83.2%，72.3%和59.8%；雄成虫头部多巴胺水平分别为对照雄成虫的79.3%，66.8%和53.2%。用0.8 mmol/L浓度鱼藤酮处理6，12和21d，雌成虫头部酪氨酸羟化酶基因（pale）的表达水平分别为对照的76.3%，51.4%和37.3%，多巴脱羧酶基因（Ddc）的表达水平分别为对照的87.1%，78.2%和63.5%， 均显著下降。结果提示，鱼藤酮可干扰果蝇成虫头部酪氨酸羟化酶和多巴脱羧酶基因的表达，导致果蝇头部多巴胺水平下降，进而影响了果蝇的运动行为。

Effects of rotenone on locomotor activity and gene expression related to dopamine synthesis of fruit fly Drosophila melanogaster

To investigate the relationship of locomotor activity and dopamine levels in the head in fruit fly Drosophila melanogaster affected by rotenone, the effects of rotenone on locomotor activity and gene expression related to dopamine biosynthesis and dopamine levels in heads of fruit flies were determined. The results showed that locomotor activity was significantly reduced in male and female adult flies fed on Drosophila instant food containing 0.2-0.8 mmol/L rotenone for 6 d. The dopamine levels were reduced to 79.3%, 66.8% and 53.2% of that of the male control in heads of male adult flies and 83.2%, 72.3% and 59.8% of that of the female control in heads of female adult flies after feeding on instant food containing 0.8 mmol/L rotenone for continuous 6, 12 and 21 d, respectively. Under the above same conditions the expression levels of pale gene were reduced to 76.3%, 51.4% and 37.3% of that of the control, and Ddc gene to 87.1%, 78.2% and 63.5% of that of the control, respectively. The results suggest that rotenone can significantly interfere with pale and Ddc gene expression and reduce dopamine levels in heads of adult flies, and correspondingly affect the adult fly locomotor activity.