棉铃虫对氰戊菊酯等杀虫剂抗性的选育及其生化机理

从用药水平低的棉田采集棉铃虫Helicover pa armigera(Hubner)，在室内恒温条件下以人工饲料饲养，用氰戊菊酯等4种杀虫剂和1种混合剂经点滴法分别逐代处理棉铃虫幼虫，以选育其抗药性。用氰戊菊酯选择15代，抗性达311倍；而用灭多威、甲基对硫磷和辛硫磷分别选择13代、14代及13代，抗性仅分别达10.8倍、3.5倍及5.2倍，抗性发展较慢；甲基对硫磷与辛硫磷的混合剂选择12代，抗性也只有4.8倍。氰戊菊酯和溴氰菊酯、三氟氯氰菊酯间存在明显的交互抗性。用生测法测定酶抑制剂和生化法测定酶活性的结果表明，棉铃虫对氰戊菊酯的抗性主要与幼虫体内多功能氧化酶和羧酸酯酶的活性提高有关。

SELECTION OF RESISTANCE OF COTTON BOLLWORM TO FENVALERATE AND OTHER INSECTICIDES AND ITS BIOCHEMICAL MECHANISM

Collected from cotton fields with low level application of insecticide and reared with artificial diet at constant temperature, the larvae of cotton bollworm (Helicoverpa armigera Hubner) were separately treated with fenvalerate and four other insecticides by topical application in the laboratory. Results showed that the resistance of the larvae has re spectively reached 311. 0-fold (F15 ) to fenvalerate, 10. 8-fold (F12) to methomyl, 3. 5-fold (F14) to parathion-methyl, 5. 2-fold (F13 ) to phoxim, and 4. 8-fold (F12) to mixture of parathion-methyl and phoxim. The R-fenvalerate strains have distinct cross-resistance to deltamethrin (41. 8 fold) and cyhalothrin (28. 1 fold). The results of enzymic inhibitor and activity respectively determined with methods of bioassay and biochemistry distinctly showed that the rise of resistance to fenvalerate was mainly associated with the increasing activities of two kinds of esteraes (mixed-function oxidases and carboxylesterase) in the larvae of cot ton bollworm.