四种植物酚类物质对舞毒蛾生长发育及繁殖的影响

【目的】为明确植物酚类次生物质对舞毒蛾Lymantria dispar (L.) 的影响，并为应用其防治害虫奠定基础。【方法】本研究选用4种酚酸（水杨酸、丁香酸、绿原酸和水解单宁酸）分别加入人工饲料中饲养舞毒蛾2龄幼虫，调查其对幼虫生长发育及繁殖的影响。【结果】不同酚酸对舞毒蛾的影响差异显著。单宁酸处理第12天时幼虫死亡率达到22.2%，显著高于对照（取食不添加任何酚酸的人工饲料）死亡率（3.3%）（P＜0.01）及其他酚酸处理时的死亡率。到第22天单宁酸及绿原酸使幼虫死亡率迅速上升，至第34天时死亡率达到100%；二者处理的幼虫虫体瘦小，发育历期显著延长，不能正常蜕皮，到4龄期时全部死亡。取食含丁香酸或水杨酸饲料的幼虫可幸存至蛹和成虫，雌性蛹重较对照显著增加，但产卵量和卵受精率均显著降低。其中，取食含丁香酸饲料的成虫产卵量和卵受精率分别比对照减少近90粒和降低约35%，雌性成虫比例下降。【结论】结果说明不同酚酸在害虫体内的积累会对其生长发育及繁殖产生不同程度的影响。

Effects of four plant phenolics on the growth and development and fecundity of the gypsy moth,Lymantria dispar (Lepidoptera: Lymantriidae)

【Aim】 This study aims to identify the effects of the secondary plant substances, phenolics, on the gypsy moth, Lymantria dispar (L.), and to establish the theoretical foundation to control pests using these phenolics. 【Methods】 We chose four kinds of phenolic acids (salicylic acid, syringic acid, chlorogenic acid and tannic acid), which were mixed in artificial diet separately, to test the influence of phenolics on the growth and development and fecundity of the 2nd instar larvae of L. dispar. 【Results】 The results showed that different phenolic acids had different influences on L. dispar larvae. Tannic acid caused the larval mortality of 22.2% on the 12th day after feeding, which was significantly higher than the mortality in the control (larvae fed on normal artificial diet) (3.3%) (P＜0.01) and treatments with other phenolic acids. The larval mortalities caused by tannic acid and chlorogenic acid increased straightly from the 22nd day and reached 100% on the 34th day after feeding. Both tannic acid and chlorogenic acid reduced the larval weight and prolonged the developmental duration, frequently causing incomplete ecdysis, even all died, at the 4th instar larval stage. The larvae fed on the diet containing salicylic acid or syringic acid pupated and grew to adults, and the pupal weight of females increased significantly but the number of eggs laid per female and fertilization rates of eggs decreased obviously. Compared with the control, syringic acid caused a decrease of 90 eggs in the number of eggs laid per female, a 35% decrease in the fertilization rate of eggs, and also a reduction in the proportion of female adults. 【Conclusion】 The results suggest that different phenolic acids accumulated in pests would result in various degrees of influence on the growth and development and fecundity of the pest.