在高CO2浓度下生长的小麦对棉铃虫生长发育和繁殖的影响

通过室内饲养实验研究了在高CO₂浓度（738.8±25.7μL/L）中生长的小麦对棉铃虫 Helicoverpa armigera (Hübner)生长发育，繁殖以及营养效应的影响。结果表明： （1）取食高CO₂浓度大气中生长的麦粒的棉铃虫对食料的取食量和粪便排泄量增加，与对照相比，取食量和粪便排泄量分别增加46.3%（P<0.05）和37.8%；（2）大气CO₂浓度增加影响了麦粒中的营养成分的含量，其中，可溶性蛋白、游离氨基酸、葡萄糖和总糖的含量及碳氮比(C∶N)都显著增加，果糖和粗蛋白的含量都显著降低；（3）大气 CO₂浓度升高所导致的麦粒营养成分的变化影响了棉铃虫幼虫的食物利用效率，与对照组相比，棉铃虫幼虫对食物的毛转化率和净转化率分别降低27.2%和25.4%，对食物的相对取食率则显著提高58.8%（P < 00.1）。据此推测，未来高CO₂浓度的大气环境会降低春小麦的营养价值，从而影响棉铃虫的生长发育，加重其对小麦的危害。

Growth, development and reproduction of the cotton bollworm, Helicoverpa armigera (Hübner) reared on milky grains of wheat grown in elevated CO2 concentration

Impacts of the rising CO₂ concentration atmosphere on growth, development, reproduction and nutritional efficiency of the cotton bollworm Helicoverpa armigera (Hübner) reared on spring wheat in the cotton region of Northern China were studied through laboratory experiment with collected milky grains (as diets) from spring wheat grown in 370 Μl/L CO₂ treatment (factually 382.4±24.8) and 750 Μl/L CO₂ treatment (factually 738.8±25.7) in open-top chambers. The results indicated: (1) As reared on grains of elevated CO₂ grown spring wheat, the larvae of cotton bollworm fed more grains and produced more frass. Compared with CK, food ingestion and frass produced by bollworm larvae increased by 46.3% P<0.05) and 37.8% respectively. (2) Elevated CO₂ affected the nutritional constitutes of grains. Significant increases were found in soluble protein, free amino acids, glucose, amylase, TSCs and ratio of TSCs: GP (gross protein) and significant decreases in fructose and gross protein compared to CK. (3) The changes in grain nutritional constitutes owing to elevated CO₂ influenced the diet utilization efficiency of bollworm larvae. Decreases were found in efficiency of conversation of ingested food (ECI) and digested food (ECD) of bollworm larvae fed on grains of elevated CO₂ grown spring wheat by 27.2% and 25.4% respectively, and significant (P<0.05) increase in relative consumption rate (RCR ) by 58.8% compared with those of larvae fed on grains of ambient CO₂ grown spring wheat. So elevated CO₂ may cause adverse impacts on nutritional values of milky grains for the development and growth of cotton bollworm, H. armigera, and the larvae may consume more wheat grains and cause in heavier damage in the rising CO₂ concentration atmosphere in future.