外源保幼激素对中华通草蛉滞育解除及滞育后发育的影响

【目的】本研究旨在明确外源保幼激素(juvenile hormone, JH)在中华通草蛉Chrysoperla sinica滞育快速解除过程中的使用剂量及最佳使用时期。【方法】测定点滴不同剂量(0, 5, 15, 25和35 μg/成虫)外源JH后中华通草蛉滞育成虫的产卵前期、产卵历期、雌虫寿命及单雌产卵量，以及15 μg/成虫外源JH处理对不同日龄(0, 5, 10, 20, 30和40日龄)滞育成虫处理后这4个指标的变化。【结果】在不同点滴剂量处理中，15和25 μg/成虫外源JH处理的中华通草蛉滞育成虫的产卵前期分别为6.82和6.29 d，显著短于点滴丙酮的对照组(10.55 d)，且15 μg/成虫外源JH处理组产卵历期、雌虫寿命及单雌产卵量均最大，均显著大于对照组。不同日龄的中华通草蛉滞育成虫点滴15 μg/成虫外源JH，0, 5, 10和20日龄处理的成虫产卵前期均显著短于未经外源JH处理的对照组。10, 20和30日龄处理的成虫产卵历期和雌虫寿命均与未经外源JH处理的对照组无显著差异，但10, 20和30日龄处理的成虫生殖力显著降低，而20日龄处理时对照组和外源JH处理组均有较高的生殖力。【结论】综合考虑产卵前期、产卵历期、产卵量和雌虫寿命4个指标，15 μg/成虫的外源JH剂量是中华通草蛉快速解除滞育的最佳剂量；最佳使用时期为滞育20 d的成虫，此时对中华通草蛉成虫滞育解除后的生殖能力影响最小。本研究解决了中华通草蛉滞育解除耗费时间长的瓶颈问题，为成虫滞育天敌的高效存储利用与滞育的快速解除提供了新思路。

Effects of exogenous juvenile hormone on the diapause termination and post-diapause development ofChrysoperla sinica(Neuroptera: Chrysopidae)

【Aim】 The aim of this study is to clarify the effective doses of exogenous juvenile hormone (JH) and the optimal treatment period for rapid diapause termination in the green lacewing, Chrysoperla sinica. 【Methods】 The pre-oviposition period, oviposition duration, female longevity and number of eggs laid per female of diapause adults of C. sinica exposed to different doses of exogenous JH (0, 5, 15, 25 and 35 μg/adult) by topical application and the changes of these four indexes of diapause C. sinica adults treated at different day-old age (0, 5, 10, 20, 30 and 40 day-old) with 15 μg/adult exogenous JH were determined. 【Results】 The pre-oviposition period of the diapause adults of C. sinica exposed to 15 and 25 μg/adult exogenous JH was 6.82 and 6.29 d, respectively, significantly shorter than that (10.55 d) in the control group (only treated with acetone). The oviposition duration, female longevity and the number of eggs laid per female of the diapause adults of C. sinica exposed to 15 μg/adult exogenous JH were all the highest, significantly higher than those of the control group. After diapause C. sinica adults were exposed to 15 μg/adult exogenous JH at different day-old age, the pre-oviposition period of adults treated at 0, 5,10 and 20 day-old age was significantly shorter than that of the control group non-subjected to exogenous JH treatment, the oviposition duration and female longevity of the adults treated at 10, 20 and 30 day-old age showed no significant difference from those of the control group non-subjected to exogenous JH treatment, while the numbers of eggs laid per female of the adults treated at 10, 20 and 30 day-old age were significantly reduced as compared to the control group non-subjected to exogenous JH treatment. Both adults subjected and non-subjected to exogenous JH treatment at 20 day-old age had higher fecundity. 【Conclusion】 Considering all the four indexes of pre-oviposition period, oviposition duration, oviposition amount and female longevity, we recommend 15 μg/adult exogenous JH as the optimal dose for the rapid diapause termination of C. sinica. The optimal treatment period for rapid diapause termination is the adult diapaused for 20 d, which has the least effect on the reproductive ability of C. sinica adults. The bottleneck problem of long time needed for diapause termination of C. sinica has been solved in this study, providing a new idea for the efficient storage and utilization of natural enemies with adult diapause and the fast diapause termination.