云南红河和保山两地区小蜜蜂巢房结构比较研究

【目的】本研究旨在对自然环境条件明显不同的云南红河和保山两地区小蜜蜂Apis florea巢房结构进行量化分析，以期揭示这两个地区间小蜜蜂巢房结构的差异性。【方法】测量小蜜蜂子脾厚度、小蜜蜂巢脾上连续10个工蜂巢房的宽度；利用环氧树脂填充巢房，制作巢房模型，基于巢房模型比较两地区小蜜蜂工蜂和雄蜂单个巢房直径、口部边长、棱长、深度和容积及巢房倾斜角的差异。【结果】云南 红河地区小蜜蜂工蜂、雄蜂子脾厚度均极显著小于保山地区的。两地区小蜜蜂连续10个工蜂巢房的宽度在0°方向均显著大于60°和120°方向的宽度，60°和120°方向的宽度之间差异均不显著，两地区小蜜蜂工蜂单个巢房直径在3个方向上也表现出显著差异, 而两地区雄蜂单个巢房的直径在3个方向上均没有显著性差异。红河地区小蜜蜂工蜂巢房直径在3个方向上均显著小于保山地区的，而两地区小蜜蜂雄蜂巢房直径在3个方向上均差异不显著。红河地区小蜜蜂工蜂、雄蜂单个巢房口部边长、棱长、深度和容积均极显著小于保山地区的；两地区工蜂巢房的倾斜角差异不显著。【结论】小蜜蜂巢房的结构存在地区性差异，海拔高、温度低的地区小蜜蜂巢房结构尺寸明显大于海拔低、温度高地区的。本研究结果不仅丰富了小蜜蜂的生物学知识，也为后续研究小蜜蜂巢房结构指标与形态学指标关联性研究提供了思路。

A comparative study of cell structures ofApis floreain Honghe and Baoshan regions ofYunnan,southwestern China

【Aim】 The aim of this study is to quantitatively analyze the cell structures ofthe dwarf honeybee, Apis florea, distributed in Honghe and Baoshan regions, Yunnan,southwestern China with significantly different natural environmental conditions, so as toreveal the structural differences of A. florea cells between these two regions. 【Methods】The thickness of the comb and the width of 10 successive worker cells of A. florea weremeasured. The cell was filled with epoxy resin to make a cell model. Based on the cell model, we measured the differences in the cell diameter, side length on the mouth, edgelength, depth, volume and inclination angle of single worker and drone cell of A. floreabetween the two regions. 【Results】 The thickness of brood comb of worker and drone of A.florea in Honghe was significantly smaller than that in Baoshan. The width of 10 successiveworker cells in the direction of 0° was significantly greater than those in the 60° and120° directions in the two regions, and there was no significant difference in the width of 10 successive worker cells between the 60° and 120° directions. The diameter of asingle worker cell also showed significant difference in three directions between the tworegions, while there was no significant difference in the diameter of a single drone cell in three directions between the two regions. The diameter of worker cell in eachcorresponding direction in Honghe was significantly smaller than that in Baoshan, while thediameter of drone cell in each corresponding direction had no significant differencebetween the two regions. The side length on the mouth, edge length, depth and volume ofsingle worker and drone cell in Honghe were extremely significantly smaller than those inBaoshan, and there was no significant difference in the inclination angle of worker cells between the two regions. 【Conclusion】 There are regional differences in the structure ofA. florea cells, and the cell size in high altitude and low temperature region is obviouslylarger than that in low altitude and high temperature region. The results of this study notonly enrich the biology knowledge of A. florea, but also provide ideas for further studyingthe correlation between cell structure indexes and morphological indexes of A. florea.