甘肃白银地区潜叶蝇及其寄生蜂的组成和发生调查

【目的】明确严重危害甘肃省白银地区作物的潜叶蝇及天敌寄生蜂的多样性和种群组成。【方法】采用五点取样法田间调查潜叶蝇危害的蔬菜、花卉、杂草并采样，室内对潜叶蝇及其寄生蜂进行形态鉴定和分子鉴定。【结果】在2016-2020年在甘肃白银地区采集的样本中发现6种常见潜叶蝇，包括本地种豌豆彩潜蝇Chromatomyia horticola和葱斑潜蝇Liriomyza chinensis，入侵种南美斑潜蝇L. huidobrensis、三叶草斑潜蝇L. trifolii、番茄斑潜蝇L. bryoniae和美洲斑潜蝇L. sativae。其中，豌豆彩潜蝇为优势种，可危害多科寄主植物；葱斑潜蝇仅在大葱上发现危害；南美斑潜蝇在温室内的蔬菜上发生严重；三叶草斑潜蝇首次在白银市发现；番茄斑潜蝇与美洲斑潜蝇的危害相对较轻。此外，调查的潜叶蝇寄生蜂包括3科12属24种，优势种包括豌豆潜蝇姬小蜂Diglyphus isaea、芙新姬小蜂Neochrysocharis formosa、万氏潜蝇姬小蜂D. wani和西伯利亚离颚茧蜂Dacnusa sibirica。【结论】一方面白银市应加强监测和预警入侵性潜叶蝇的发生，另一方面白银市潜叶蝇的天敌寄生蜂种类丰富，对田间主要危害的潜叶蝇可能发挥着重要的自然防控作用，建议保护利用本地寄生蜂天敌。

A survey of the composition and occurrence of agromyzid leafminers and their parasitoids in Baiyin,Gansu, northwestern China

【Aim】 The purpose of this study is to reveal the diversity and population composition of the agromyzid leafminers attacking crops and their parasitoids in Baiyin, Gansu province, northwestern China. 【Methods】 The vegetables, flowers, and weeds damaged by the agromyzid leafminers were surveyed and sampled in fields by five-point sampling method, and the agromyzid leafminers and their parasitoids were identified by morphological and molecular methods. 【Results】 In total six species of agromyzid leafminers were found in the collected samples in Baiyin, Gansu province during 2016-2020, including native species Chromatomyia horticola and Liriomyza chinensis, and invasive species L. huidobrensis, L. trifolii, L. bryoniae, and L. sativae. Among them, C. horticola was the dominant species which damaged multi-family host plants. L. chinensis was only found on Allium fistulosum. L. huidobrensis occurred seriously on vegetables in the greenhouse. Furthermore, it was the first time to find L. trifolii in Baiyin. Besides, L. bryoniae and L. sativae had less damage than other agromyzid leafminers. In addition, the surveyed parasitoids included 24 species, 12 genera and 3 families, and the dominant species were Diglyphus isaea, Neochrysocharis formosa, D. wani, and Dacnusa sibirica. 【Conclusion】 On the one hand, monitoring and early warning of the occurrence of the invasive agromyzid leafminers should be strengthened in Baiyin. On the other hand, the parasitoids of the agromyzid leafminers are abundant in Baiyin and may play an important role in natural control of the main damage by the agromyzid leafminers in the field, so it is recommended to protect and apply of local parasitoids.