基于特定时间调查数据组建的白蜡窄吉丁种群生命表

为了探明影响白蜡窄吉丁Agrilus planipennis Fairmaire自然种群变化的关键因子， 本研究于2010-2011年采用当年秋季和翌年春季两个特定时间调查取样的方法， 组建了天津、 北京和辽宁3个地区白蜡窄吉丁的自然种群生命表。结果显示， 这3个地区白蜡窄吉丁的自然种群数量在今后几年均将呈增长趋势， 但不同地区的增长速率存在较大差异。北京地区白蜡窄吉丁的种群数量增长速率最快（种群趋势指数I=12.9997）， 其次是天津地区（I=12.4388）， 这两个地区的寄主植物相同， 均为绒毛白蜡。增长最慢的是辽宁地区（I=3.6394）， 其寄主植物为水曲柳。另外， 通过3个地区白蜡窄吉丁生命表和排除控制指数可以看出， 天津地区白蜡窄吉丁最主要的致死因子是白蜡吉丁柄腹茧蜂Spathius agrili Yang（种群数量排除控制指数EIPC=1.5382）， 对种群数量变动的贡献最大； 北京地区的是啄木鸟（EIPC=1.4515）， 而辽宁地区白蜡窄吉丁最主要的致死因子是白蜡吉丁卵跳小蜂Oobius agrili Zhang et Huang的寄生作用（EIPC=1.4701）。这些研究结果表明， 寄主植物的差异是影响白蜡窄吉丁自然种群数量变动的主要因素， 同时寄生性天敌白蜡吉丁柄腹茧蜂对种群数量的影响作用也比较大。因此， 实际应用中可以通过培育抗性树种和人工繁育优势天敌等方法对该虫进行有效防治。

Life table of the emerald ash borer,Agrilus planipennis Fairmaire (Coleoptera: Buprestidae), based on special time survey data

To ascertain the key factors influencing the natural population dynamics of the emerald ash borer (EAB), Agrilus planipennis Fairmaire, the natural population life tables of EAB populations in Tianjin, Beijing and Liaoning were constructed by specific time (autumn in 2000 and spring in 2011) sampling method. The results indicated that population density would increase in the three areas in the following years. The host plant of Beijing and Tianjin populations was Fraxinus velutina, but that of the Liaoning population was F. mandshurica. The population density of EAB had the fastest growth rate (index of population trend, I=12.9997 and I=12.4388, respectively) in Beijing and Tianjin, but had the slowest growth rate in Liaoning (I=3.6394). The main lethal factors for EAB were Spathius agrili Yang (the exclusion index of population control, EIPC=1.5382) and woodpecker (EIPC=1.4515) in Tianjin and Beijing, respectively, but was Oobius agrili Zhang et Huang in Liaoning (EIPC=1.4701). It is concluded that the difference of host plants is the major factor influencing natural population density of EAB, and the parasitoid S. agrili Yang also plays an important role in its population density. Therefore, breeding resistant host species and artificially rearing dominant natural enemies will be effective methods to control the pest in practical application.