昆虫中肠围食膜蛋白研究进展

围食膜是大多数昆虫中肠内壁附着的一层起润滑和保护作用的半透性粘膜, 按其形成方式不同分为Ⅰ型围食膜和Ⅱ型围食膜。围食膜主要由几丁质和蛋白质构成, 其中蛋白质对于维持围食膜的致密结构至关重要, 对围食膜蛋白的破坏可能会对昆虫的正常生长发育造成干扰, 甚至会导致低龄幼虫的死亡。本文介绍了围食膜的组成与结构, 阐述了昆虫围食膜蛋白研究的新发现、并依据结构特征对它们进行了分类, 总结了以围食膜蛋白为新靶标的害虫防治的可能途径, 讨论了当前围食膜蛋白研究的不足, 最后展望了今后围食膜蛋白研究的发展方向。

Research progress in insect peritrophic membrane proteins

Peritrophic membrane (PM), a semi-permeable mucous layer, serves as a lubricative and protective barrier in the midgut of the major types of insects. PM can be divided into peritrophic membrane type Ⅰ and Ⅱ according to its different ways of formation. PM is mainly composed of chitin and protein, and the latter is very important in maintaining PM dense structure. Damages to PM proteins may cause serious interference to insect growth, and even lead to the death of low-instar larva. This article introduced the composition and structure of PM, reviewed the new discovery of the insect peritrophic membrane proteins, the classification according to their structural characteristics and possible methods of peritrophic membrane proteins as the targets for pest control, and discussed the limitations of current research and the future prospects of PM proteins.