松树蜂的产卵行为

【目的】研究松树蜂Sirex noctilio的产卵行为,明确其产卵能力,为评估其繁殖潜力和危害能力提供基础数据。【方法】于黑龙江省大庆市杜尔伯特蒙古族自治县新店林场采集被松树蜂危害的寄主樟子松Pinus sylvestris var.mongolica木段上获得虫源。在室内条件下观察和分析松树蜂产卵的行为过程及规律。解剖松树蜂在樟子松木段上的产卵孔,并观察其结构特征。【结果】松树蜂羽化时即性成熟,能够马上进行交配和产卵。松树蜂雌成虫一次完整的产卵过程主要分为4个动作:树皮钻孔、木质部钻刺、产卵(注入有毒黏液和共生真菌Amylosereum areolatum)和产卵器拔出。产卵时间在360～540 s之间的产卵频数最多,占产卵总频数的41.40%;产卵过程中木质部钻刺用时最长,至少占整个产卵过程用时的90%。松树蜂雌成虫在一个产卵孔处会进行1～4次产卵,产卵时间和产卵次数呈显著正相关,当产卵时间t<360 s时,进行了1次产卵;当360 s≤t<540 s时,进行了2次产卵;当540 s≤t<780 s时,进行了3次产卵;当t≥780 s时,进行了4次或更多次产卵。松树蜂在一个产卵孔处进行1, 2, 3和4次产卵的比例分别为21.66%, 41.40%, 27.39%和9.55%。【结论】松树蜂雌成虫在一个产卵孔处的产卵时间和产卵次数呈正相关。利用产卵时间和产卵次数的关系,在只调查产卵时间的情况下,可以推断产卵次数。松树蜂在一个产卵孔处产卵的次数多,对寄主樟子松危害大。

Oviposition behavior of Sirex noctilio (Hymenoptera: Siricidae)

【Aim】 To study the oviposition behavior of Sirex noctilio, and to determine its oviposition capability, so as to provide a data basis for evaluating its reproductive potential and damage. 【Methods】 Logs of host Pinus sylvestris var. mongolica damaged by S. noctilio were collected from Xindian State Forest Farm of Duerbote Mongol Autonomous County,Daqing,HeilongjiangProvince,Northeast China. The oviposition behavior process and pattern of S. noctilio under the laboratory conditions were observed and analyzed. The oviposition holes of S. noctilio on P. sylvestris var. mongolica were dissected, and their structure characteristics were observed. 【Results】 The results revealed that S. noctilio wasps were sexually mature upon emergence, and they could mate and/or lay egg immediately. The ovipositing process of female adults of S. noctilio was divided into four stages: drilling into the bark, drilling into the xylem, laying egg (including injection of poisonous mucus and symbiotic fungi Amylosereum areolatum), and withdrawing the ovipositor. The most frequent oviposition time was between 360 to 540 s, accounting for 41.40% of the total frequency of various oviposition time. During these four stages, the time of drilling into the xylem was the longest, taking at least 90% of the total duration of oviposition. S. noctilio female adult would carry out 1-4 drillings once it confirmed a position. The oviposition time (t) showed a significantly positive correlation with the number of oviposition cycles: 1 cycle when t<360 s; 2 cycles when 360 s≤t<540 s; 3 cycles when 540 s≤t<780 s; and 4 or more cycles when t≥780 s. The proportions of 1, 2, 3 and 4 cycles of oviposition at one oviposition hole were 21.66%, 41.40%, 27.39% and 9.55%, respectively. 【Conclusion】 The number of oviposition cycles of female adults of S. noctilio is positively correlated to its oviposition time. Based on this relationship, the number of oviposition cycles can be inferred once the oviposition time is investigated. The more the oviposition cycles of S. noctilio, the higher the risk of its harm to P. sylvestris var. mongolica.