植食性昆虫对植物的反防御机制

本文综述了植食性昆虫对植物的反防御机制.一方面，植食性昆虫可通过其快速进化的寄主选择适应性，改变取食策略，调节生长发育的节律，以及规避自然天敌等抑制、逃避或改变植物的防御，即行为防御机制；另一方面，植食性昆虫可适应植物蛋白酶抑制剂、逃避植物防御伤信号、解毒植物次生物质，以及抑制植物阻塞反应来对植物防御进行反防御，即生理和生化防御机制.其中，昆虫抑制植物伤信号，防止植物阻塞反应是反防御机制的研究热点.昆虫反防御的研究有助于提高对昆虫-植物间协同进化关系的认识，并为害虫治理和抗虫植物的培育提供新的思路.

Counter-defense mechanisms of phytophagous insects towards plant defense

This review focuses on the mechanisms of phytophagous insect counter-defense on plants. On one hand, insects can inhibit, escape and alter plant defense by behavior defense mechanisms, including changing feeding strategies, regulating growth rhythm and avoiding natural enemies. On the other hand, insects may confront plant defense through physiological and biochemical mechanisms, including adapting plant protease inhibitors, avoiding plant wound signals, detoxification, and inhibiting plugging reaction. At present, the hotspots are the mechanism of depression of plant wound signals and inhibition of plugging reaction. The researches on insect counter-defense will improve the understanding of the insect-plant coevolution relationship, and provide new ideas for pest management and the cultivation of resistant plants.