41种植物精油对淡色库蚊的熏蒸活性

为发现具有较高杀蚊活性的精油， 推动植物精油类卫生杀虫剂的创制， 本研究采用三角瓶熏蒸法测定了17科41种植物精油对淡色库蚊Culex pipiens pallens雌成蚊的熏蒸活性， 并进一步采用密闭圆筒法验证其杀虫毒力大小。三角瓶熏蒸法测定表明， 在12 μL/L浓度下， 留兰香油（spearmint oil）、 薰衣草油（lavender oil）、 山苍子油（Litsea cubeba oil）等26种精油均有较强的熏蒸作用， KT₅₀小于15 min。该26种精油用密闭圆筒熏蒸法进一步测定表明， 在浓度为10 μL/L时， 冬青油（wintergreen oil）、 艾叶油（blumea oil）、 薄荷油（peppermint oil）、 桉叶油（Eucalyptus robusta oil）和蓝桉油（E. globulus oil）等植物精油熏蒸活性较强， 其KT₅₀分别为16.91, 21.20, 22.57, 18.43和19.48 min。结果证明冬青油、 艾叶油、 薄荷油、 桉叶油和蓝桉油等5种精油对淡色库蚊具有较强的熏蒸活性， 具备作为淡色库蚊防控剂开发的潜力， 值得进一步研究。

Fumigation activity of 41 essential oils against Culex pipiens pallens (Diptera: Culicidae)

To find the essential oils with high insecticidal activity and promote the development of hygienic insecticides, essential oils from 41 plants belonging to 17 families were evaluated for adulticidal activity against female adults of Culex pipiens pallens by airtight fumigation in conical flask and hermetic round canister method. The results showed that 26 essential oils (12 μL/L) including spearmint oil, lavender oil and Litsea cubeba oil were very toxic to the mosquito (KT₅₀<15 min) by airtight fumigation in conical flask. Further assay using hermetic round canister method indicated that 5 essential oils (wintergreen oil, blumea oil, peppermint oil, Eucalyptus robusta oil and E. globulus oil) had high fumigation toxicity at the concentration of 10 μL/L, and their KT₅₀ values were 16.91, 21.20, 22.57, 18.43 and 19.48 min, respectively. The results demonstrate that wintergreen oil, blumea oil, peppermint oil, E. robusta oil and E. globulus oil all have high fumigation activity against C. pipiens pallens, with the potential to be developed as hygienic insecticides