华东地区中华蜜蜂六地理种群的遗传多样性及遗传分化

目的】利用23对微卫星标记对来自于南昌、黄山、桐庐、费县、宜兴、武夷山6个华东地区的中华蜜蜂Apis cerana cerana种群进行遗传多样性及遗传分化分析。【方法】通过计算多态信息含量、平均杂合度、等位基因数、遗传距离、基因流、F 统计量等参数, 评估各中蜂种群遗传多样性和各种群间遗传分化。【结果】各座位的等位基因数为5（A014）至30（AP043）。所有种群均显示较高水平的期望杂合度, 其中, 武夷山中蜂最低, 为0.4280; 南昌中蜂最高, 为0.6329。各中蜂种群间存在极显著的遗传分化, 平均分化系数(Fst)为0.344。基于Nei氏遗传距离运用NJ聚类法将6个中蜂种群划分为3类。【结论】华东6个中蜂种群的遗传多样性较高, 遗传分化显著; 分析遗传分化与地理距离的关系发现, 华东6个中蜂种群间的遗传分化与地理距离不存在显著相关。

Genetic diversity and genetic differentiation of six geographic populations of Apis cerana cerana (Hymenoptera:Apidae) in East China

【Aims】 The genetic diversity and genetic differentiation of six populations of Apis cerana cerana distributed in different geographic areas in East China were surveyed using 23 microsatellite markers. 【Methods】 Using polymorphism information content (PIC), mean heterozygosity (H), number of effective alleles, genetic distances, gene flow (Nm) and F-statistics, we evaluated the genetic diversity and genetic differentiation. 【Results】 The number of alleles per locus ranged from 5（A014） to 30（AP043）. All populations showed high- level heterozygosity, the lowest was Wuyishan population (0.4280) and the highest was Nanchang population (0.6329). Significant genetic differentiation was found among the six populations (P<0.01) and the average genetic differentiation coefficient of all the populations was 0.344. Neighbour-joining dendrogrm was constructed based on the Nei’s genetic distance, and three main clusters were found. 【Conclusions】 The genetic diversity and the genetic differentiation of the six populations of A. cerana cerana were significant. Through analyzing the correlation between genetic differentiation and geographical distance, we found that genetic differentiation among the six populations of A. cerana cerana was not be significantly related to geographical distance.