外来种隐蔽入侵： 类型及影响

隐蔽入侵（cryptic invasion）是指在形态上与土著种（或早期建群种）不能或难以区分的外来种在人们未觉察的状态下成功入侵的过程。人们对这类入侵方式往往视而不觉。本文综述了外来种隐蔽入侵的类型以及生态影响。隐蔽入侵的类型主要包括外来姊妹种形式的隐蔽入侵、 不同遗传支系的隐蔽入侵、 不同地理种群的隐蔽入侵以及“返传入”。其中， “返传入”目前还是一种假说。由于这类入侵外来种更容易与土著种（或早期建群种）杂交或基因渗透， 因而可对入侵种自身或土著种产生深远的生态影响。鉴于隐蔽入侵现象的广泛性， 建议进一步加强该方面的研究。

Cryptic invasion of alien species: types and effects

The invasion of alien species that are morphologically indistinguishable, or hardly distinguishable, with the native species or earlier established species is regarded as cryptic invasion. This kind of invasion is often undetectable by human beings. The types of cryptic invasion include invasion of the alien sibling species, genetic lineages, geographic populations, and a hypothesized "back introduction". These alien species are more readily hybridize or introgress with native species or earlier established species and thus result in the long-term ecological effects on the invasive species or native species. The research related to cryptic invasion should be further strengthened in view of its widespread occurrence.