禾谷缢管蚜和麦长管蚜玻璃管药膜法敏感毒力基线的建立

【目的】建立禾谷缢管蚜Rhopalosiphum padi（Linnaeus）和麦长管蚜Sitobion avenae（Fabricius）对常用杀虫剂的相对敏感基线。【方法】从田间采集麦蚜在实验室内饲养30代以上，利用玻璃管药膜法测定其对杀虫剂的敏感度，每条毒力基线为2次以上独立测定数据合并后的计算结果。【结果】用玻璃管药膜法建立了包括新烟碱类、吡啶类、氨基甲酸酯类、有机磷类和拟除虫菊酯类共22个药剂品种对禾谷缢管蚜和麦长管蚜3 h的敏感毒力基线。禾谷缢管蚜对新烟碱类药剂吡虫啉和啶虫脒的LC₅₀值分别为0.02和0.007 μg/cm²；对吡啶类药剂吡蚜酮的LC₅₀值为0.124 μg/cm²；对氨基甲酸酯类药剂丁硫克百威、硫双灭多威、灭多威、抗蚜威、西维因的LC₅₀值为0.0026~0.70 μg/cm²；对有机磷类药剂三唑磷、丙溴磷、氧乐果、乐果、马拉硫磷、辛硫磷、敌敌畏、毒死蜱的LC₅₀值为0.005~0.065 μg/cm²；对拟除虫菊酯类药剂三氟氯氰菊酯、高效氯氰菊酯、溴氰菊酯、联苯菊酯、氰戊菊酯、氯氰菊酯的LC₅₀值为0.033~0.240 μg/cm²。麦长管蚜对新烟碱类药剂吡虫啉和啶虫脒的LC₅₀值分别为0.15和0.12 μg/cm²；对吡啶类药剂吡蚜酮的LC₅₀值为0.41 μg/cm²；对氨基甲酸酯类药剂丁硫克百威、硫双灭多威、灭多威、抗蚜威、西维因的LC50值为0.005~0.76 μg/cm²；对有机磷类药剂三唑磷、丙溴磷、氧乐果、乐果、马拉硫磷、辛硫磷、敌敌畏、毒死蜱的LC₅₀值为0.018~0.36 μg/cm²；对拟除虫菊酯类药剂三氟氯氰菊酯、高效氯氰菊酯、溴氰菊酯、联苯菊酯、氰戊菊酯、氯氰菊酯的LC50值为0.20~2.94 μg/cm²。【结论】建立的两种麦蚜对22种杀虫药剂的相对敏感基线，包括当前所有可能用于防治麦蚜的药剂，可以用于以后麦蚜抗药性监测或其他相关研究的参照；禾谷缢管蚜对药剂的敏感度高于麦长管蚜。

Establishment of baseline susceptibility data to various insecticides for aphids Rhopalosiphum padi ( Linnaeus ) and Sitobion avenae ( Fabricius ) (Homoptera: Aphididae) by the method of residual film in glass tube

【Aim】 The objective of this research was to establish susceptible toxicity baselines of two wheat aphids Rhopalosiphum padi and Sitobion avenae to 22 insecticides. 【Methods】 The method of the residual film in glass tube with 3 h exposure to insecticides was employed for determining toxicity of insecticides to both wheat aphid species, which were originally collected from different provinces of China during 2005-2007 and reared on wheat seedlings in the laboratory for more than 30 generations. 【Results】 In R. padi, the LC₅₀ values of susceptible toxicity baselines were 0.02 and 0.007 μg/cm² for neonicotinoid insecticides, imidacloprid and acetamiprid respectively; 0.124 μg/cm² for pymetrozin; 0.0026-0.70 μg/cm² for carbamate insecticides, carbosulfan, thiodicarb, methomyl, pirimicarb and carbaryl; 0.005-0.065 μg/cm² for organophosphate insecticides, triazophos, profenofos, omethoate, dimethoate, malathion, phoxim, dichlorvos and chlorpyrifos; 0.033-0.240 μg/cm² for pyrethroid insecticides, lamba-cyhalothrin, beta-cypermethrin, deltamethrin, bifenthrin, fenvalerate and cypermethrin.In S. avenae, the LC₅₀ values of susceptible toxicity baselines were 0.15 μg/cm² and 0.12 μg/cm² for neonicotinoid insecticides, imidacloprid and acetamiprid respectively; 0.41 μg/cm² for pymetrozin; 0.005-0.76 μg/cm² for carbamate insecticides carbosulfan, thiodicarb, methomyl, pirimicarb and carbaryl; 0.018-0.36 μg/cm² for organophosphate insecticides, triazophos, profenofos, omethoate, dimethoate, malathion, phoxim, dichlorvos and chlorpyrifos and 0.20-2.94 μg/cm² for pyrethroid insecticides, lamba cyhalothrin, beta-cypermethrin, deltamethrin, bifenthrin, fenvalerate and cypermethrin. 【Conclusion】 Susceptible toxicity baselines of both R. padi and S. avenae to 22 insecticides established in this study could be used as a reference for resistance monitoring or other related researches. The insecticide susceptibility is higher in R. padi than in S. avenae for most of insecticides.