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溴虫腈对家蚕和桑树害虫的毒力比较
引用本文:马惠,王开运,王红艳,司树鼎.溴虫腈对家蚕和桑树害虫的毒力比较[J].昆虫学报,2006,49(4):599-603.
作者姓名:马惠  王开运  王红艳  司树鼎
作者单位:(山东农业大学植物保护学院,山东泰安271018)
基金项目:国家“十五”科技攻关项目(2001BA509B08)
摘    要:为了比较溴虫腈在家蚕Bombyx mori和桑树害虫间的选择性毒力,采用食下毒叶法测定了溴虫腈、二嗪磷、敌敌畏、辛硫磷和三唑磷5种杀虫剂对家蚕的毒性;用浸叶法测定了5种杀虫剂对桑尺蠖Phthonandria atrilineata Butler、桑螟Diaphania pyloalis Walker和桑毛虫Porthesia xanthocampa Dyer 的毒力;在桑园喷施溴虫腈检测了其在桑树上对家蚕的残留毒性期;通过食下毒叶法系统研究了溴虫腈对家蚕生长发育的影响。结果表明,二嗪磷、敌敌畏、辛硫磷和三唑磷72 h对家蚕的毒性倍数分别大于溴虫腈的15.5、93.3、154 .0和188.5倍;溴虫腈、三唑磷、辛硫磷和敌敌畏48 h相对于二嗪磷对桑尺蠖的毒力倍数分别是49.1、3.2、2.3和1.4倍,对桑螟的毒力倍数分别是79.4、3.6、2.4和1.8倍,对桑毛虫的毒力倍数分别为67.2、3.2、2.2和1.7倍;对桑树喷施100、50、25和12.5 mg/L 溴虫腈,桑叶的残留毒性期分别为3、0、0和0天;用溴虫腈100、50、25和12.5 mg/L 处理的桑叶饲喂家蚕后,存活幼虫的历期、眠蚕体重、熟蚕体重、全茧量、茧层量、蛹重和化蛹率与对照相比均无显著性差异。据此认为溴虫腈是适合防治桑园害虫又对家蚕较安全的药剂。

关 键 词:溴虫腈  家蚕  桑树害虫  选择性毒力  
文章编号:0454-6296(2006)04-0599-05
收稿时间:11 5 2005 12:00AM
修稿时间:04 18 2006 12:00AM

Selective toxicity of chlorfenapyr to silkworm and mulberry pests
MA Hui,WANG Kai-Yun,WANG Hong-Yan,SI Shu-Ding.Selective toxicity of chlorfenapyr to silkworm and mulberry pests[J].Acta Entomologica Sinica,2006,49(4):599-603.
Authors:MA Hui  WANG Kai-Yun  WANG Hong-Yan  SI Shu-Ding
Institution:(College of Plant Protection, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, Shandong 271018, China)
Abstract:For comparing the selective toxicity of chlorfenapyr between silkworm and mulberry silkworms and mulberry pests, the toxicity of chlorfenapyr, diazinon, dichlorvos, phoxim and triazophos was determined using food intake method, the toxicity of the five insecticides to Phthonartdria atrilineata Butler, Diaphania pyloalis Walker and Porthesia xanthocampa Dyer was assayed in room using leaf dipping method, the period of residual toxicity of chlorfenapyr on mulberry to silkworm was tested by spraying pesticide in mulberry field, and the effect to growth and development of silkworm was investigated using food intake method. The results indicated that the toxicity of diazinon, dichlorvos, phoxim and triazophos in 72 h after treatment was 15.5, 93.3, 154.0 and 188.5 times higher than that of chlorfenapyr, respectively. The LC50 of chlorfenapyr, triazophos, phoxim and dichlorvos in 48 h after treatment to P. atrilineata was 49.1, 3.2, 2.3 and 1.4 times higher than that of diazinon, to D. pyloalis was 79.4, 3.6, 2.4 and 1.8 times higher than that of diazinon, and to E. similis was 67.2, 3.2, 2.2 and 1.7 times higher than that of diazinon, respectively. The period of residual toxicity of 100, 50, 25 and 12.5 mg/L of chlorfenapyr sprayed on mulberry field was 3, 0, 0 and 0 days, respectively. The developmental duration of survival larvae, the weight of dormant silkworm, the weight of mature silkworm, cocoon weight, cocoon shell weight, pupa weight and pupation rate in treatments of 100, 50, 25 and 12.5 mg/L of chlorfenapyr showed no significant difference compared with the control. The results suggest that chlorfenapyr is an insecticide suitable to control pests in mulberry field and safe to silkworm.
Keywords:Chlorfenapyr  silkworm  mulberry pests  selective toxicity
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