天津地区家蝇抗药性水平及与两种解毒酶的关系

用点滴法对采自天津市7个郊区县的7个不同生境野外家蝇种群的抗药性进行了测定并与实验室内的相对敏感种群进行比较；对不同地区家蝇种群进行了羧酸酯酶（carboxylesterase, CarE）和谷胱甘肽S-转移酶（glutathione S-transferase, GSTs）活性检测。结果表明，不同家蝇种群对DDVP、高效氯氰菊酯和残杀威的抗性倍数不同，对DDVP抗性最高为18.563倍，最低为1.885倍；对高效氯氰菊酯最高为14.071倍，最低为1.071倍；对残杀威抗性倍数最高为7.499倍，最低为1.071倍。从CarE平均比活力看，室外家蝇种群CarE的比活力均高于室内相对敏感种群的比活力，CarE活性的分布在敏感种群和不同地区野外种群间具有明显的重叠现象。天津不同地区F₂代家蝇GSTs的比活力抗性种群普遍高于室内相对敏感种群，大约在2～4倍之间，不同地区间也具有比较大的差异，而抗药性高的种群GSTs活性也高，GSTs活性变化与不同种群抗性差异是相符的。

Detection of insecticide resistance and its relationship with two detoxification enzymes of Musca domestica in different areas of Tianjin

The insecticide resistance of field Musca domestica collected from 7 different populations of different habitats in seven administrative areas of Tianjin was determined by spot drip method and compared with the relatively sensitive strain in the laboratory. The individual carboxylesterase and glutathione S-transferase activity of populations from different areas were determined. The results indicated that the populations from different areas had different resistance levels to the insecticides tested. The resistance level to DDVP varied from 1.885 to 18.563 times, the resistance level to high effect cypermethrin varied from 1.071 to 14.071 times and the resistance level to propoxur varied from 1.071 to 7.499 times. The average activity of carboxylesterase of the field flies were higher than that of houseflies of the relatively sensitive strain in the laboratory. The distribution of carboxylesterase activity in both sensitive and field populations were obviously overlapped. The glutathione S-transferase activity of F_2 generations were quite different. The glutathione S-transferase activity of the field populations were higher than that of the relatively sensitive strain in the laboratory, varied regionally from 2 to 4 times, which was in accordance with the diversity of the insecticide resistance levels of M. domestica in different areas in Tianjin.