Anaerobic granule development for removal of pentachlorophenol in an upflow anaerobic sludge blanket (UASB) reactor |
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Institution: | 1. Department of Chemical Engineering, Ningbo College, Cuibai Road, Ningbo 315016, PR China;2. Department of Environmental Engineering, Zheiang University, 268 Kaixuan Road, Hangzhou 310029, PR China;1. Key Laboratory of Environmental and Applied Microbiology, Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu 610041, China;2. Environmental Microbiology Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Chengdu 610041, China;3. Graduate School of Science and Technology, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto 860-8555, Japan;4. College of Architecture and Environment, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China |
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Abstract: | The granulation process using synthetic wastewater containing pentachlorophenol (PCP) in four 1.1 l laboratory scale upflow anaerobic sludge blanket (UASB) reactors was studied, and the anaerobic biotransformation of PCP during the granulation process investigated. After 110 days granular sludge was developed and up to 160 and 180 mg/l of PCP was added into the reactors R1 and R2, respectively, when they were inoculated with acclimated anaerobic sludge from an anaerobic digester of a citric acid plant. The inoculum was predominately composed of bacilli and filamentous bacteria. Granulation did not occur in reactors R3 and R4 which were inoculated with acclimated anaerobic sludge from aerobic sludge of the municipal sewage treatment plant which consisted mainly of cocci. Despite similar bacilli in the granule, the filamentous bacteria from reactor R1 were thicker than those of reactor R2. The granular sludge had a maximum diameter of 2.5 and 2.2 mm, and SMA of 1.44 and 1.32 gCOD/gTVS per day for reactors R1 and R2, respectively. Over 98% chemical oxygen demand (COD) removal rate and 99% of PCP removal rate were achieved when reactors R1 and R2 were operated at PCP and COD loading rates of 150 and 7.5 g/l per day, respectively. H2-producing acetogens were the dominant anaerobes in the granular sludge. |
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