果蝇nasuta亚群求爱歌的种间识别与进化遗传学研究

果蝇ｎａｓｕｔａ亚群由１４个种、亚种和分类群组成，广泛分布于印度－太平洋区域。本文首次记录了ｎａｓｕｔａ亚群种的求爱歌，测量了脉冲歌时域模式的参数：脉冲串间隔（ＩＢＩ）、脉冲间隔（ＩＰＩ）、脉冲串时间长度（ＰＴＬ）、每个脉冲串的脉冲数（ＰＮ）、脉冲时间长度（ＰＬ）、波动周期时间长度（ＣＬ）。采用计算机声谱分析技术，作出求爱歌信号的三维数字功率谱图，进行频率分析。发现Ｄ．ｐｕｌａｕｎａ和Ｔａｘｏｎ－Ｆ不发出求爱歌声信号，视觉在交配中可能起重要作用。对其余种、亚种和分类群的求爱歌分析表明，ｎａｓｕｔａ亚群种的求爱歌分为脉冲歌和正弦歌。对部分种的正反交Ｆ１求爱歌分析表明，脉冲歌时域参数，如ＩＰＩ平均值为Ｘ染色体连锁或常染色体多基因控制，正弦歌频率偏向母方。根据不同种、亚种和分类群脉冲歌的时域模式构建ｎａｓｕｔａ亚群的系统树，对亚群中不同种、亚种和分类群的亲缘关系进行讨论。

Study on the Recognition and Evolutionary Genetics of the CourtshipSong of Species in Drosophila nasuta Species Subgroup

he subgroup of Drosophila nasuta consists of 14 species, subspecies and taxa. Ithas a wide distribution in area of Indo-Pacific Ocean. The courtship song of speciesin nasuta subgroup is recorded for the first time in the paper. Some parameters oftemporal pattern of pulse song were measured: the inter burst interval (IB), theinterpulse interval(IPI), the length of a pulse train (PTL), the number of pulses in atrain (PN), the length of a pulse (PL) and the length of a cycle (CL). Computeranalysis techniques were used to make spectral analysis of sine song. Athree-dimentional power spectra of the sound was made . Ind this subgroup, the male ofD.pulauna and Taxon-F didn't produce any sound signals during courtship, suggestingthat the visual stimuli play an important role in mating process. By analysing the courtship sound signales of other species, subspecies and taxa, the sounds produced by couning male could be described as pulse song or as sine song. By studying the sounds of intra-or interspecific F1 hybrids we have found that the parameters of the temporal pattern of pulse song, for example, the mean value of IPI is controlled by X-linked and autosomal polygene and the sine song frequency is predisposed to the materniry.The phylogenetic tree of the subgroup is constructed based on the temporal pattern of the pulse sounds in different species, subspecies and taxa.The relationship within the memhers of the Drosophla nasuta subgroup is discussed.