福建漳平奇和洞新石器时代早期人类身体大小

身高、体重、颅容量等是反映人类身体大小,探讨人类体质特征、生长发育水平及营养健康状况的重要指标。本文采用公式推算法,对2011年在福建漳平奇和洞遗址出土的、距今约9500年的奇和洞II号女性个体的身高、体重、颅容量等身体大小特征进行了研究。结果显示,奇和洞II号的身高和体重约为160.3cm和59.9kg,在新石器时代成年女性个体中属于较高水平,同时高于福建地区现代成年女性的平均水平;颅容量约为1369m L,在新石器时代成年女性个体中处于中间水平。奇和洞II号较好的身体特征发育,提示处于更新世晚期向全新世过渡这一时期的奇和洞人可能具有较好的营养状况;与新、旧石器时代各组的比较显示,这一时期我国华南地区古人类身体大小、形状特征已经形成;我国南、北方地区人群身高、体重差异已经出现。

Body Size of Neolithic Human Remains from the Qihe Cave,Zhangping, Fujian

Stature, body mass and cranial capacity are very important physical characteristics that reflect human body size, development, nutrition and health condition. In this study, we examine new human female remains from Qihe Cave II that dates about 9500 years ago. Results of this research show that the stature of Qihe Cave II is 160.3 cm, with a body mass of 59.9 kg. Compared with other Neolithic females and Paleolithic samples, Qihe Cave II is well-developed in stature, body mass and cranial capacity. It suggests a suitable living environment and good nutritional status for the Qihe Cave human. Our research also indicates that differences in body size and shape between south and north populations have showed a transitional period from the Paleolithic to early Neolithic.