大鼠心脏移植急性排斥反应动物模型的建立

目的为探索器官移植后急性排斥反应的一种快速可靠的诊断方法。方法先暴露和游离受体的吻合段血管,再获取供心以缩短移植心脏冷缺血时间;保留供者的心脏及右上肺,将其胸主动脉与受者的腹主动脉间断端侧吻合;开放血流时,先开放远心端再间断开放近心端,同时按摩心脏至心脏搏动规律、有力,其色泽恢复红润,右上肺亦充盈良好。结果A组(n=20)成功16只,动脉吻合口出血2只、心脏复跳失败1只、吻合口狭窄1只;B组(n=20)成功17只,2只死于吻合口出血,1只死于吻合口狭窄。A组手术成功率为80%,B组为85%(P>0.05)。结论(1)先暴露并游离好受体血管吻合段,再获取供心,可以缩短移植心冷缺血时间。(2)边灌注边获取的方法利于快速而又完整的获取供心。(3)在切取和植入的过程中一定要注意低温保护。(4)利用腹主动脉段进行移植,使手术方便易行。左心做功的大鼠腹部心脏移植模型简单、安全、实用,因其左心参与循环而使血流动力学更接近生理状态,是进行心脏移植及血流动力学研究的较理想模型。

Establishment of a Rat Model of Heart Transplantation and Study on Its Acute Rejection

Objective To improve the techniques for establishment of a stable and reproducible animal model of heart transplantation in rat for further research on acute rejection.Methods To expose the recipient's abdominal arteries at first.Then to obtain the donor's heart and upper right lung.The donor's ascending aorta was anatomized with recipient's abdominal aorta and then blood flowed through donor's organ.Results 80 heterotopic heart transplantations were performed,4 rats died of anastomotic bleeding,2 died of the stenosis of anastomosis and 1 died of the failure of heart rebound, and the total successful rate was above 80%.Conclusion The modified surgical techniques and careful operative management can contribute to better success in heart transplantation in rats.