现阶段中国生态农业可持续发展面临的实践和理论问题探讨

随着全球经济一体化的发展以及中国实施可持续发展和全面建设小康社会的需要，中国生态农业面临着新的机遇和挑战。我国生态农业经过20多年的实践，现已取得了一定进展，并具备了一定的发展基础。目前，全国2000多个县、乡镇先后实施了生态农业建设。然而，当前我国生态农业可持续发展面临着一系列实践和理论问题。在实践方面，存在着思想认识、技术、资金、建设与管理等问题。在科学理论方面则需要解决如生态农业的基本内涵、分类、生态模式的内在过程与机理及其生态服务功能、模式的尺度转换以及生态农业模式变化规律、生态农业安全等问题。因此，加快开展全国生态农业建设规划，加大资金投入和政策扶持力度，加强农业基础设施和社会化服务体系建设，加快农业产业结构调整和优化升级，发展生态产业，全面推动生态农业的产业化、标准化、信息化和现代化发展。是当前生态农业建设面临的重要任务。

Practical and theoretical issues on the sustainable development of Chinese ecological agriculture

With the development of world economy globalization and the needs of actualizing sustainable development and all-around construction of a well-to-do society in China, Chinese ecological agriculture is facing new opportunities and challenges. In past two decades, great achievements were made in the development of our ecological agriculture, and so far, there are more than two thousand counties, towns and villages in actualizing ecological agriculture. However, many practical problems are still existed, e. g., less attention to ecological agriculture, lack of ecological technologies and construction funds, and poor construction of infrastructure and ecological management in agriculture. Moreover, there are many scientific and technological issues which should be studied, e. g., the concept and classification of ecological agriculture, the ecological processes, mechanisms and functions of ecosystems, the scale transformation and spatial and temporal change patterns, and the security of ecological agriculture. To promote the ecological agriculture in China, it is necessary to conduct eco-agricultural planning in whole China, to increase construction fund and put forward a series of new favorable policies for the construction of agricultural infrastructure and social service systems, to restructure and optimize agriculture and develop ecological industries, and to promote the industrialization, standardization and information development of ecological agriculture.