涡虫生殖生物学研究进展

涡虫由于具有极强的再生能力而成为发育生物学及再生生物学研究的模式生物。此外，其在有性生殖方面所表现出来的独特性也备受人们关注。目前，涡虫生殖生物学研究领域主要围绕两个热点问题开展工作：1.无性生殖向有性生殖转化的诱因及机制的探讨；2.生殖相关基因的克隆、表达及功能分析。有关生殖转化机制方面的研究主要集中在涡虫的性化相关事件以及性化物质的本质探索；截至目前已克隆并对其表达和功能进行探讨的涡虫生殖相关基因主要有DjPTK1、vasa-like 基因、DeY1、Dryg、nanos相关基因以及Drpiwi-1等。此外，本文也对有关涡虫生殖生物学方面存在的问题及未来该领域的发展趋势进行了总结和展望。

Review on Planarian Reproductive Biology

Due to its powerful regeneration capability, planarian has become the model organism of developmental biology and regenerative biology. Furthermore, planarian also shows unique reproductive characteristics and draws more and more attention. Recently, researches on planarian reproductive biology are mainly focusing on two aspects: 1. mechanism of asexual to sexual reproduction switch; 2. cloning, expression and function analysis of reproduction-related genes. As for the mechanism of reproduction switch, works mainly include the discovery of sexualization of planarian, the seasonal change of sexualization, the downstream events after sexualization, and the exploration of sex-inducing substance. Till now, the reproduction-related genes DjPTK1, vasa-like genes (DjvlgA/DjvlgB), DeY1, Dryg, nanos-related genes (Djnos/Smednos/Dr-nanos) and Drpiwi-1 have been cloned, and their expression patterns and functions have been explored. Furthermore, the problem and future tendency in planarian reproductive biology have also been summarized.