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Effects of experimentally-enhanced precipitation and nitrogen on resistance,recovery and resilience of a semi-arid grassland after drought
Authors:Zhuwen Xu  Haiyan Ren  Jiangping Cai  Ruzhen Wang  Mai-He Li  Shiqiang Wan  Xingguo Han  Bernard J. Lewis  Yong Jiang
Affiliation:1. State Key Laboratory of Forest and Soil Ecology, Institute of Applied Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang, 110164, Liaoning, China
2. Forest Dynamics, Swiss Federal Research Institute WSL, Birmensdorf, 8903, Zürich, Switzerland
3. Key Laboratory of Plant Stress Biology, College of Life Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, 475004, Henan, China
4. State Key Laboratory of Vegetation and Environmental Change, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100093, China
Abstract:Resistance, recovery and resilience are three important properties of ecological stability, but they have rarely been studied in semi-arid grasslands under global change. We analyzed data from a field experiment conducted in a native grassland in northern China to explore the effects of experimentally enhanced precipitation and N deposition on both absolute and relative measures of community resistance, recovery and resilience—calculated in terms of community cover—after a natural drought. For both absolute and relative measures, communities with precipitation enhancement showed higher resistance and lower recovery, but no change in resilience compared to communities with ambient precipitation in the semi-arid grassland. The manipulated increase in N deposition had little effect on these community stability metrics except for decreased community resistance. The response patterns of these stability metrics to alterations in precipitation and N are generally consistent at community, functional group and species levels. Contrary to our expectations, structural equation modeling revealed that water-driven community resistance and recovery result mainly from changes in community species asynchrony rather than species diversity in the semi-arid grassland. These findings suggest that changes in precipitation regimes may have significant impacts on the response of water-limited ecosystems to drought stress under global change scenarios.
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