Effect of maternal fat reserves on the fatty acid composition of sardine (Sardina pilchardus) oocytes |
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Authors: | Garrido Susana Rosa Rui Ben-Hamadou Radhouan Cunha Maria Emilia Chícharo Maria Alexandra van der Lingen Carl D |
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Institution: | aDepartamento dos Recursos Marinhos, Instituto Nacional de Investigação Agrária e das Pescas — (IPIMAR), Avenida de Brasília, 1449-006 Lisboa, Portugal;bCCMAR, FCMA, Universidade do Algarve, Campus de Gambelas, 8005-139 Faro, Portugal;cCRIP Sul, IPIMAR, Avenida 5 de Outubro s/n, 8700-305 Olhão, Portugal;dMarine and Coastal Management, Private Bag X2, Rogge Bay 8012, South Africa |
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Abstract: | We compared the fatty acid (FA) composition of the muscle and gonads of female Iberian sardines with hydrated oocytes collected during the 2002/03 spawning season off southern Portugal (November and February) and off western Portugal (February). Sardine condition and total FA concentration in the muscle decreased between the two sampling dates, while the gonadosomatic index was similar between samples. Total monounsaturated FA concentrations in sardine gonads were different for the three samples while saturated and polyunsaturated FA concentrations were similar. Significant linear relations were found between FA concentrations in female muscle and oocytes, including eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA; 20:5n − 3) and arachidonic acid (AA; 20:4n − 6), both being essential for normal larval development. The concentration of docosahexaenoic acid (DHA; 22:6n − 3) in oocytes was independent on muscle concentration, probably resulting from its selective transfer to the oocytes. The EPA/DHA ratio was highly conserved in sardine tissues, while DHA/AA and EPA/AA ratios varied significantly between samples. These results indicate that the FA content of eggs produced by sardines varies throughout the spawning season, egg FA concentrations decreasing as females lose condition, and FA composition also shows spatial variability. Both types of variability may have a significant impact on egg quality, particularly on the amount of reserves available to larvae affecting their resistance to starvation, and the appropriate FA composition required for normal growth. |
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Keywords: | AA DHA EPA Fatty acids Maternal effects Oocytes Sardina pilchardus |
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