Brachylaima phaedusae n. sp. (Trematoda: Brachylaimidae) from door snails in Japan |
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| Institution: | 1. Faculty of Science, Toho University, 2-2-1, Miyama, Funabashi-city, Chiba 274-8510, Japan;2. Department of Parasitology, Asahikawa Medical University, Midorigaoka-Highashi 2-1, Asahikawa 078-8510, Japan;3. Ibaraki Nature Museum, 700 Osaki, Bando, Ibaraki 306-0622, Japan;4. Laboratory of Parasitology, Joint Graduate School of Veterinary Medicine, Yamaguchi University, 1677-1 Yoshida, Yamaguchi 753-8515, Japan;5. Laboratory of Nematology, Department of Applied Biological Sciences, Saga University, 1 Honjo, Saga-city, Saga 840-8502, Japan;6. Saga Prefectural Meat Sanitary Inspection Station, 4127 Minamitaku, Taku-city, Saga 846-0024, Japan;7. Laboratory of Parasitology, Department of Disease Control, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido University, Kita 18, Nishi 9, Kita-ku Sapporo, Hokkaido 060-0818, Japan;8. Department of Anthropology, National Museum of Nature and Science, 4-1-1 Amakubo, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0005, Japan;9. National Research Center for Protozoan Diseases, Obihiro University of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, 13, Nishi 2 Sen, Inada, Obihiro, Hokkaido 080-8555, Japan;10. Kyushu Mollusc Study Society, 4-21-17 Konan, Miyazaki, Miyazaki 880-0944, Japan;1. Research Center for Global Agromedicine, Obihiro University of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, Inada, Obihiro, Hokkaido 080-8555, Japan;2. National Research Center for Protozoan Diseases, Obihiro University of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, Inada, Obihiro, Hokkaido 080-8555, Japan;3. Field Center of Animal Science and Agriculture, Obihiro University of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, Inada, Obihiro, Hokkaido 080-8555, Japan;4. Section of Epidemiology, Department of Population Medicine and Diagnostic Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA;5. Department of Veterinary Medicine, Nippon Veterinary and Life Science University, Musashino, Tokyo 180-8602, Japan;6. Department of Disease Control, Graduate School of Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Hokkaido 060-0818, Japan;7. Division of Medical Zoology, Department of Infection and Immunity, Jichi Medical University, School of Medicine, 3311-1 Yakushiji, Shimotsuke, Tochigi 329-0498, Japan;8. Obihiro University of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, Inada, Obihiro 080-8555, Hokkaido, Japan;1. Pathobiology Department of Veterinary Faculty, Semnan University, Semnan, Iran;2. Pathobiology Department of Shahmirzad School of Veterinary Medicine, Semnan University, Semnan, Iran;1. Federal Scientific Center of the East Asia Terrestrial Biodiversity, Far Eastern Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, 100-letiya Street, 159, Vladivostok 690022, Russia;2. Institute of Ecology and Biological Resources, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, 18 Hoang Quoc Viet Street, Cau Giay Dist., Hanoi, Viet Nam;1. Departamento de Zoología, Instituto de Biología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), Avenida Universidad 3000, Ciudad Universitaria, 04510 México City, Mexico;2. Posgrado en Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Avenida Universidad 3000, Ciudad Universitaria, 04510 México City, Mexico;1. Postgraduate program in biology of infectious and parasitic agents (BAIP), Federal University of Pará (UFPa), Belém, PA, Brazil;2. Carlos Azevedo Research Laboratory, Federal Rural University of the Amazon (UFRA), Belém, PA, Brazil;3. Ecology and Limnology Laboratory - LEL, State University of Tocantina Region of Maranhão - UEMASUL, Imperatriz, MA, Brazil;4. Federal Rural University of the Amazon (UFRA), Tomé – Açu, PA, Brazil;5. Graduate Program in Veterinary Medicine and Animal Wellbeing, Universidade Santo Amaro - UNISA, São Paulo, Brazil;6. Laboratory of applied genetics, Federal Rural University of Amazonia (UFRA), Belém, PA, Brazil;1. University of Perpignan Via Domitia, Centre de Formation et de Recherche sur les Environnements Méditerranéens, UMR 5110, F-66860 Perpignan, France;2. CNRS, Centre de Formation et de Recherche sur les Environnements Méditerranéens, UMR 5110, F-66860 Perpignan, France;3. Unit for Environmental Sciences and Management, North-West University, Potchefstroom 2520, South Africa;4. Davidson College, Biology Department, Box 7118, Davidson, NC 28035, USA;5. South African Institute for Aquatic Biodiversity, Somerset Street, Grahamstown 6139., South Africa |
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| Abstract: | The metacercarial infections of door snails (Gastropoda: Clausiliidae) with unknown species of the genus Brachylaima (Trematoda: Brachylaimidae) have recently been reported in eastern Honshu and Kyushu, Japan. A large scale snail survey was carried out to clarify their taxonomic status. From the period of 2015 to 2020, a total of 1239 land snails (768 door snails and 471 others) were collected from 32 localities in Honshu, Shikoku, and Kyushu. The resulting trematode isolates were identified as Brachylaima sp. by mitochondrial DNA barcoding. The sporocysts were found only a few from Megalophaedusa sublunellata (Clausiliidae), Tauphaedusa subaculus (Clausiliidae), and Aegista trochula (Camaenidae), while the metacercariae were frequently detected from 14 species of Clausiliidae and 2 species of other families. Although Brachylaima sp. showed a broad range of intermediate hosts, door snails seem to be very important to drive the life cycle. The gravid adults of Brachylaima sp. was experimentally raised from metacercariae using immunosuppressed mice. Morphological, phylogenetical, and ecological considerations prompted us to propose Brachylaima phaedusae n. sp. for this unknown species. The definitive hosts of the new species are completely unknown. The wide geographic distribution and high genetic diversity of the new species suggest a possibility that the definitive host is ground-foraging birds, which prefer door snails. |
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