克拉玛依石油污染土壤微生物群落结构及其代谢特征

为了分析克拉玛依油区内土壤中正构烷烃含量间的差异,微生物群落生理多样性、微生物代谢活性在不同石油污染梯度土壤中的变化规律。本研究采用GC、平板稀释法、Biolog微平板技术探讨了土壤微生物群落特征在3种不同污染程度下的变化情况。研究表明,石油污染土壤烷烃含量与微生物代谢活性呈显著负相关(r=-0.783, p<0.05)。随着石油污染程度增加微生物数量呈下降趋势,不同石油污染土壤中细菌数量占决定优势,细菌>真菌>放线菌。不同石油污染土壤微生物群落对6大碳源的利用体现出差异。主成分分析(PCA)表明,清洁土壤与石油污染土壤对底物利用有明显差异。石油污染严重土样碳源利用率为"酯类>酸类>胺类>氨基酸类>单糖/糖苷/聚合糖类>醇类"。本研究成果为后期修复污染土壤时调整投入的碳源底物等提供科学帮助。

Microbial Community Structure and Metabolic Characteristics of Oil-contaminated Soil in Karamay

In order to analyze the difference of n-alkanes content in the oil-contaminated soil, the physiological diversity of microbial community and the metabolic activity of microbial metabolism in oil-contaminated soil with gradient of oil pollution in Karamay oil region. The changes of soil microbial community characteristics were analyzed by GC, plate dilution method and Biolog microplate technique in three different levels of pollution changes. The results showed that the alkane content in the oil contaminated soil was negatively correlated with the microbial metabolic activity(r=-0.783, p<0.05). The microbes decreased with the increasing of petroleum pollution,and the number of bacteria in different oil-contaminated soils was the dominant factor, bacteria >fungi >actinomycetes. Utilization of six carbon sources was different in the distinct oil contaminated soil. Principal component analysis(PCA) showed that there was a significant difference in substrate utilization between clean soil and petroleum contaminated soil. In the heavy contaminated areas, utilization rate of carbon source was Ester >Acid>Amine>Amino acid>Monosaccharide/Glycoside/Polysaccharide>Alcohol. The results of this study provided scientific help for the adjustment of the carbon source substrates, which will be putting into the remediation of contaminated soils in the later period.