2种杂草水提液对小麦种子萌发及幼苗生长的影响

以2种麦田伴生杂草播娘蒿(Descurainiasophia)和猪殃殃(Galiumtricorne)为供体,以关中地区15个主要的小麦(Triticumaestivum)栽培品种为受体,采用室内生物测定法,比较了2种杂草水提液对不同小麦品种种子萌发及幼苗生长的影响.结果表明:(1)播娘蒿水提液对所有小麦品种的发芽率、发芽势和发芽指数均具有显著的抑制作用,猪殃殃水提液对这3项指标的抑制作用相对较弱,甚至对某些品种的这3项指标没有影响或具有促进作用.(2)2种杂草水提液对供试15个小麦品种的活力指数,以及根长、苗高、根鲜重、苗鲜重等生长指标均表现出抑制作用,且同一种杂草水提液对不同小麦品种的影响程度存在差异.(3)以播娘蒿和猪殃殃的响应指数值(RI)为指标分别将15个小麦品种聚类为强、中、弱三组,并发现2种杂草水提液分别对小偃22和西农979的化感作用均较弱,即这2个品种对播娘蒿和猪殃殃的化感作用均具有较强抗性.

Effects of Water Extract of Two Weeds on Seed Germination and Seedling Growth of Different Wheat Varieties

By means of laboratory bioassay,the effects of D.sophia and G.tricorne's water extracts on seed germination and seedling growth of 15 main wheat varieties as acceptors in guanzhong region,Shaanxi province,were determined.The results showed that D.sophia's water extract notably inhibited the germination rate,germination energy and germination index of all wheat varieties tested.Compared with D.sophia,G.tricorne's water extract had relatively weak inhibiting effects on the three indices of the wheat varieties tested or had no or even positive effects on some varieties.Both the water extract of two weeds inhibited vigor indeces,and growth indices such as root length,shoot height,root fresh mass and shoot fresh mass of all wheat varieties tested.Meanwhile,water extract of the same weed had significantly different effects for different wheat varieties.With RI values as allelopathic index and through cluster analysis,these 15 varieties could be divided into three groups respectively,and it was found that water extract of both D.sophia and G.tricorne had relatively weak allelopathic effects on 'Xiaoyan 22' and 'Xinong 979'.Therefore,'Xiaoyan 22' and 'Xinong 979' showed relatively strong weed-resistant potentials.