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Cancer genes hypermethylated in human embryonic stem cells |
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| Authors: | Calvanese Vincenzo Horrillo Angelica Hmadcha Abdelkrim Suarez-Alvarez Beatriz Fernandez Agustín F Lara Ester Casado Sara Menendez Pablo Bueno Clara Garcia-Castro Javier Rubio Ruth Lapunzina Pablo Alaminos Miguel Borghese Lodovica Terstegge Stefanie Harrison Neil J Moore Harry D Brüstle Oliver Lopez-Larrea Carlos Andrews Peter W Soria Bernat Esteller Manel Fraga Mario F |
| Institution: | Cancer Epigenetics Group, Spanish National Cancer Research Centre, CNIO, Madrid, Spain. |
| Abstract: | Developmental genes are silenced in embryonic stem cells by a bivalent histone-based chromatin mark. It has been proposed that this mark also confers a predisposition to aberrant DNA promoter hypermethylation of tumor suppressor genes (TSGs) in cancer. We report here that silencing of a significant proportion of these TSGs in human embryonic and adult stem cells is associated with promoter DNA hypermethylation. Our results indicate a role for DNA methylation in the control of gene expression in human stem cells and suggest that, for genes repressed by promoter hypermethylation in stem cells in vivo, the aberrant process in cancer could be understood as a defect in establishing an unmethylated promoter during differentiation, rather than as an anomalous process of de novo hypermethylation. |
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