竞争进化与协同进化

竞争和协同作用是普遍存在于生物个体或种群之间的两种表现行为。大量实验和研究表明,竞争主导的生物进化是存在的,在一定范围和水平上竞争的结果有利于植物形态、生理适应特征及生活史适应策略的进化。协同能够使生物以最小的代价或成本实现自身在自然界的存在与繁殖(最大适合度);基于生态系统的稳定性和生物多样性的角度考虑,与竞争相辅相成、在一定条件下可以相互转化的协同作用更有利于生态系统各组分之间能量转化效率的提高,有利于加强系统自身的自组织能力,有利于维持生态系统的有序性和多样性。因此,协同作用的结果应该是更有利于生物进化,而且比竞争更普遍、更有意义。

Competitive evolution and coevolution

Competition and synergia are the two kinds of appearance behaviors widely existed in the individuals and populations in nature.A lot of experiments and researches revealed that competition is in favor of the evolution of morphological and physiological adaptation characters and life-historical strategies to a certain extent,and there is a real evolutionary process driven by competition in communities and ecosystems,while synergia can conduce to the existence and reproduction of organisms with the lowest cost of investment.According to the stability and diversity of ecosystems,competition and synergia can supplement and transform each other under certain conditions.Synergia can promote the efficiency of energy transform among all systematic components,strengthen the capability of self-organization,and maintain the order and diversity of ecosystems,which drives the biological evolution more prevalently and significantly.