黄地老虎飞行能力研究

黄地老虎Agrotis segetum是一种重要的农业迁飞性害虫,研究飞行生物学对明确其迁飞机理有重要意义。本项研究利用昆虫飞行磨系统对黄地老虎的飞行能力进行了测定。对实验室种群飞行能力的测定结果表明:1日龄成虫的飞行能力最弱;3日龄飞行能力最强,其24 h平均飞行时间、平均飞行距离和平均飞行速率分别达到12.16±0.74 h、48.94±3.40 km和3.76±0.12 km/h。雌蛾与雄蛾间的各项飞行参数均无显著差异,但处女成虫平均飞行距离和平均飞行速率均显著高于已交配个体。对渤海湾野外迁飞种群飞行能力的测定显示,早季节北迁个体和晚季节回迁个体的平均飞行时间和平均飞行距离无显著差异,但皆显著低于实验室种群。黄地老虎具有较强的飞行能力,日龄和交配是影响其飞行能力的关键因素。

Preliminary study on the flight capacity of Agrotis segetum (Lepidoptera:Noctuidae)

The turnip moth Agrotis segetum Denis & Schiffermüller (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) is an important migratory insect pest of many crops throughout the World. The investigation on its flight capacity is helpful for understanding migratory mechanism of this insect. The flight performances of A. segetum were tested by tethering individuals to computerized flight mills for a 24 h trial period. The results indicated that the laboratory population of 1-d-old moths showed a weak flight capacity, but the 3-d-old moths took the strongest flight ability. The mean flight duration, mean flight distance and mean flight velocity for 3-d-old moths reached 12.16±0.74 h, 48.94±3.40 km and 3.76±0.12 h, respectively. There were no significant differences of flight ability between female and male moths. The mean flight distance and velocity of the virgin moths were significantly higher than that of mated individuals. Both wild populations captured from early-middle and late seasons at Beihuang Island presented similar flight activity, which were significantly weaker than that of the laboratory population. These findings suggested that A. segetum possessed a strong flight capacity, and both age and mating status were the key factors affecting its flight.