人工绿洲潜在景观格局及其与现实格局的比较分析

基于理论分析与实证研究的结合，探讨了农业景观中潜在景观格局的概念、潜在格局分析单元等理论问题；并以新疆石河子垦区的１５０团场为例，用景观多样性、均匀度、嵌块体伸长度、聚集度、形状破碎化、分维数等量化指数，对其潜在格局进行了分析，与以１９８２和１９９５两个年度的土地利用现状为分类基础的现实格局进行了比较。结果表明，从潜在格局到现状格局均呈现出有规律的变化。因此，用土壤类型的不同分类单元完全可以作为现

Comparison analysis between potential and actual pattern of artificial oases in arid region

Based on theoretical analysis and demonstration research, the conception of potential pattern in the agriculture landscape of artificial oases in Xinjiang arid region and its analysis unit were discussed. The potential landscape pattern was defined as the one composed by spatial units with basic characteristics and properties which had no change or less change with the time.In agriculture landscape,soil was found to be a relatively stable element,and hence,different soil classification unit could be used to analyze the potential landscape pattern. A case study was carried out to analyze the potential and actual pattern of the artificial oases in Shihezi reclamation area by using the indexes of diversity, evenness, aggregation, mean patch elongation, patch shape fragmentation and mean patch fractal dimension. The result showed that the landscape pattern changed orderly from the potential to actual pattern, and the potential pattern could be used as the absolute criterion for researches on pattern changes in agriculture landscape.