Using the Zeta (ζ) diversity approach for understanding the effects of variations in climatic covariates,vegetation patterns,and human influence on species composition of arboreal frogs in India |
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| Institution: | 1. Annasaheb Kulkarni Department of Biodiversity, MES Abasaheb Garware College of Arts Science and Commerce, Karve Road, Pune, Maharashtra 411004, India;2. Wildlife Institute of India, Chandrabani, Dehradun, Uttarakhand 248001, India;1. Department of Geography, University of Florida, Turlington Hall, 3141, 330 Newell Dr, Gainesville, FL 32611, United States of America;2. Harvard Forest, Harvard University, 324 North Main Street, Petersham, MA 01366-9504, United States of America;1. Nature Coast Biological Station, Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences, University of Florida, 552 1st St, Cedar Key, FL 32625, USA;2. Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences, Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences, University of Florida, 136 Newins-Ziegler Hall, Gainesville, FL 32611-0410, USA;3. MERIDIAN, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada;4. Dalhousie University, 6299 South St, Halifax, NS B3H 4R2, Canada;5. Department of Biological Sciences, Simon Fraser University, 8888 University Dr W, Burnaby, BC V5A 1S6, Canada;6. Department of Biology, University of Victoria, 3800 Finnerty Road, Victoria, BC V8P 5C2, Canada;7. Instituto Oceanográfico, Universidade de São Paulo, Praça do Oceanográfico, 191 - CEP: 05508-120, Cidade Universitária, São Paulo (SP), Brazil;8. The Fish Listener, Waquoit, MA, USA;9. Soil, Water, and Ecosystem Sciences Department, Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences, University of Florida, 1692 McCarty Dr, Gainesville, FL 32603, USA;10. Faculty of Computer Science, Dalhousie University, 6050 University Ave, Halifax, NS B3H 1W5, Canada;11. Institute of Computer Science, Polish Academy of Sciences, Jana Kazimierza 5, 01-248 Warszawa, Poland;1. GIS Cell, Motilal Nehru National Institute of Technology Allahabad, Prayagraj, India;2. Department of Mathematics, Motilal Nehru National Institute of Technology Allahabad, Prayagraj, India;3. Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences, University of Allahabad, Prayagraj, India;1. Division of Agricultural Physics, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi 110012, India;2. ICAR-Indian Agricultural Statistics Research Institute, New Delhi 110012, India;3. ICAR-Central Coastal Agricultural Research Institute, Goa 403 402, India;4. Division of Environment Science, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi 110012, India |
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| Abstract: | The biodiversity patterns of an ecosystem provide an opportunity for understanding the drivers of the community structure and, together, interpreting better conservation strategies for the species. Here we map the patterns in compositional turnover of the arboreal frog species (Anura: Rhacophoridae) in India and explore the impacts of climatic covariates, vegetation patterns, and human influence on driving their species composition. Using the previously published data, we compiled the occurrence matrix for the species of nine genera of the family Rhacophoridae from India. The species turnover trends were analyzed using the zeta diversity decline and retention-rate analysis. We further used the multisite generalized dissimilarity modeling (MS-GDM) to test the variations in climatic, vegetational, and anthropogenic drivers that better explain the species turnover. The results suggested a low nestedness among the genera of arboreal frogs barring Polypedates and Raorchestes. The difference in the mean temperature of the warmest quarter in the colder temperature regime is the primary driver of the compositional turnover of arboreal frog species. Also, differences in the precipitation seasonality of the lower and higher precipitation regime emerged as a driver of the compositional turnover for some genera. The differences in diversity patterns and their corresponding drivers are ideally only species-specific or group-specific. We suggest their utility while designing conservation efforts for co-occurring groups in a region. |
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