极端嗜热古菌DNA修复核酸内切酶的研究进展

极端嗜热古菌由于生活在高温环境,其基因组DNA面临着严重的挑战,因此,它们如何维持其基因组稳定是本研究领域最为关注的科学问题之一。极端嗜热古菌具有与常温微生物相似的自发突变频率,暗示着它们比常温微生物具有更加有效的DNA修复体系进行修复高温所造成的基因组DNA损伤。目前,极端嗜热古菌DNA修复的分子机制尚不清楚。核酸内切酶在DNA修复途径中发挥着重要的作用。基因组序列显示极端嗜热古菌编码多种DNA修复核酸内切酶,但是其研究尚处于初期阶段。本文综述了极端嗜热古菌DNA修复核酸内切酶Nuc S、Endo V、Endo Q、XPF和Hjc的研究进展,并对今后的研究提出了展望。

Research progress of hyperthermophilic archaeal DNA repair endonucleases

Hyperthermophilic archaea are facing severe challenges due to their high temperature environment. Therefore, how to maintain genomic stability of hyperthermophilic archaea is one of the most important scientific questions in this field. Hyperthermophilic archaea have similar spontaneous mutation frequencies to mesophilic microorganisms, suggesting that they have a more efficient DNA repair system than mesophilic microorganisms to repair genomic DNA damage caused by high temperature. At present, the molecular mechanism of DNA repair of hyperthermophilic archaea is still unclear. Endonucleases play an important role in the DNA repair pathway. Genomic sequences show that hyperthermophilic archaea encode a few DNA repair endonucleases, however, the research on them is still in an early stage. In this paper, we reviewed the research progress of hyperthermophilic archaeal DNA repair endonucleases, including NucS, EndoV, EndoQ, XPF and Hjc. We also proposed future studies.