Changes in receptor activator of nuclear factor-kappaB, and its ligand, osteoprotegerin, bone-type alkaline phosphatase, and tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase in ovariectomized rats

We investigated time-course changes in the expression of receptor activator of nuclear factor-kappaB (RANK), its ligand (RANKL), osteoprotegerin (OPG), bone-type alkaline phosphatase (BAP), and tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP) in ovariectomized (OVX) rats. Samples of sera and coccyges were used for analysis of the enzyme activities and expression levels of proteins and mRNAs, and an immunohistochemical analysis was also performed. Serum BAP activity increased to 158.6% of the pre-operation value at 1 week after OVX, and then decreased to 38.7% at 8 weeks after OVX. On the other hand, the serum TRAP activity increased to 130.9% of the pre-operation level at 1 week after OVX, and was maintained at a high level, compared with the pre-operation level. The patterns of BAP and TRAP activity in the coccyges specimens were similar to those seen in the sera. The expression profiles of TRAP, RANK, and RANKL proteins in the coccyx specimens were similar to the pattern of serum TRAP activity, while the profiles of the BAP and OPG proteins were similar to the pattern of serum BAP activity in OVX rats. The changes in the mRNA expression levels of the osteogenic proteins were similar to those for protein expression. These biochemical changes in OVX rats were confirmed by immunohistochemical studies. Our results suggest that not only osteoclastogenesis accelerated but also osteoblastogenesis transiently increased during the early phase of osteoporosis.