Plant tissue localization of the endophytic insect pathogenic fungi Metarhizium and Beauveria |
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| Affiliation: | 1. Department of Entomology, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853-2601, United States;2. USDA-ARS-NCAUR, Crop Bioprotection Research Unit, 1815 N University Street, Peoria, IL 61604, United States;1. Departamento de Ciencias y Recursos Agrícolas y Forestales, Universidad de Córdoba, Edificio C4, Campus de Rabanales, 14071 Córdoba, Spain;2. Departamento de Agronomía, Universidad de Córdoba, Edificio C4, Campus de Rabanales, 14071 Córdoba, Spain;1. Departamento de Ciencias y Recursos Agrícolas y Forestales, Universidad de Córdoba, Edificio C4, Campus de Rabanales, 14071 Córdoba, Spain;2. CIPAV TimacAGRO International-Roullier Group, Polígono Arazuri-Orkoien, c/C no. 32, 31160 Orkoien, Navarra, Spain;3. Departamento de Agronomía, Universidad de Córdoba, Edificio C4, Campus de Rabanales, 14071 Córdoba, Spain;1. Department of Entomology, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, United States;2. Faculty of Ecology & Evolutionary Biology, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, United States;1. Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Thorvaldsensvej 40, DK-1871 Frederiksberg C., Denmark;2. Molecular Ecology, Institute for Sustainability Sciences, Agroscope, Reckenholzstrasse 191, 8046 Zürich, Switzerland;3. Department of Food Science, Aarhus University, Kirstinebjergvej 10, DK-5792 Aarslev, Denmark;4. Department of Biology, Brock University, St. Catharines, ON L2S 3A1, Canada |
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| Abstract: | Endophytic fungi may display preferential tissue colonization within their plant hosts. Here we tested if the endophytic, insect pathogenic fungi (EIPF) Metarhizium and Beauveria showed preferential localization within plant tissues, in the field and under laboratory conditions. In the field, plants were sampled from three separate sites (Brock University, St. Catharines, Ontario; Pelham, Ontario; and Torngat Mountains National Park, Newfoundland, Canada) and EIPF were isolated from plant roots, the hypocotyl, and stem and leaves. Two genera of EIPF, Metarhizium spp. and Beauveria bassiana, were isolated from plants sampled, as well as the nematophagous fungus, Pochonia chlamydosporium. Metarhizium spp. were almost exclusively found in roots, whereas B. bassiana and P. chlamydosporium were found throughout the plant. The Metarhizium species were identified by RFLP and 95 % were Metarhizium robertsii, 4.3 % were M. brunneum, and 0.7 % were M. guizhouense. Lab studies with M. robertsii and B. bassiana reflected observations found in the field, that is, Metarhizium was restricted to the roots of plants while B. bassiana was found throughout the plant. Insect infection by these EIPF is preferential with respect to above and below ground insects, and the present study correlates above and below ground insect infections with endophytic colonization by these EIPF. |
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| Keywords: | Endophyte Fungal ecology Fungal growth Fungus Insect pathogen Plant partitioning |
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