氮、磷、钾配施对黄花菜产量及2种蒽醌类活性成分含量的影响

为探究黄花菜栽培种植时氮(N)、磷(P)、钾(K)肥的最佳施肥量,给黄花菜科学合理施肥提供依据。本试验以海螺沟本地黄花菜品种为研究对象,运用"3414"肥效试验方案,分别以N13.5kg/667m^2,P2O540kg/667m^2,K2O15kg/667m2为常规施肥水平,通过大田试验,研究氮磷钾配施对黄花菜主要农艺性状、产量和2种蒽醌类活性成分含量的影响。结果表明,合理的氮磷钾配施不仅能促进单株黄花菜生长发育的协调,而且能够显著提高其鲜花中的大黄酸和大黄酚含量;施用氮磷钾肥对黄花菜产量的增产效果明显,处理6(N2P2K2)的产量最高,为1727.73kg/667m^2,比不施肥处理增产457.90kg/667m^2,增产率达36.06%;施用氮、磷、钾肥对黄花菜产量影响的大小顺序为氮>磷>钾,氮肥增产效果最显著,磷肥次之,钾肥最差。一元二次肥效方程推荐的氮、磷、钾施肥量与本实验设计的最适施肥量相似,可以用于黄花菜实际生产施肥指导。综合考虑,在海螺沟地区推荐的氮、磷、钾肥最佳施用量分别为13.69kg/667m^2、31.53kg/667m^2和26.40kg/667m^2,获得的产量为1678.98~1763.31kg/667m^2。

Effects of combined application of nitrogen,phosphorus and potassium on the yield and two anthraquinones of Hemerocallis citrina Baroni

The study is aimed to provide the experimental basis for optimum fertilizer on field production,the effect of different ratios of nitrogen (N),phosphorus (P) and potassium (K) on growth,yield,rhein and chrysophanol compounds of Hemerocallis citrina were discussed.H.citrina was used as the research object,the "3414" fertilizer test was conducted with regular fertilization of NPK (N 13.5 kg/ 667 m^2,P2O5 40 kg/ 667 m^2,K2O 15 kg/ 667 m^2).The results show that the suitable level of nitrogen,phosphorus and potassium could not only promote plant growing coordination,but also improve the accumulation of rhein and chrysophanol contents.Fertilizer application could significantly increase the yield of H.citrina,and it was 457.90 kg/ 667 m^2 and 36.06% was the highest increasing yield in treatment of N2P2K 2.The contribution efficiency of nitrogen,phosphorus and potassium fertilizer application was N>P>K.The best fertilizer recommended by the single factor fertilizer effect equation was N13.69 kg/ 667 m^2,P2O5 31.53 kg/ 667 m^2,K2O 26.40 kg/ 667 m^2,which could result in H.citrina yield of 1 678.98-1 763.31 kg/ 667 m^2.