Mechanisms of bradykinin-mediated Ca(2+) signalling in canine cultured corneal epithelial cells

Experiments were designed to differentiate the mechanisms of bradykinin receptors mediating the changes in intracellular Ca(2+) concentration (Ca(2+)](i)) in canine cultured corneal epithelial cells (CECs). Bradykinin and Lys-bradykinin caused an initial transient peak of Ca(2+)](i) in a concentration-dependent manner, with half-maximal stimulation (pEC(50)) obtained at 6.9 and 7.1, respectively. Pretreatment of CECs with pertussis toxin (PTX) or cholera toxin (CTX) for 24 h did not affect the bradykinin-induced Ca(2+)](i) changes. Application of Ca(2+) channel blockers, diltiazem and Ni(2+), inhibited the bradykinin-induced Ca(2+) mobilization, indicating that Ca(2+) influx was required for the bradykinin-induced responses. Addition of thapsigargin (TG), which is known to deplete intracellular Ca(2+) stores, transiently increased Ca(2+)](i) in Ca(2+)-free buffer, and subsequently induced Ca(2+) influx when Ca(2+) was readded to this buffer. Pretreatment of CECs with TG completely abolished bradykinin-induced initial transient Ca(2+)](i), but had slight effect on bradykinin-induced Ca(2+) influx. Pretreatment of CECs with 1-beta-3-(4-methoxyphenyl)propoxy]-4-methoxyphenethyl]-1H-imidazole (SKF96365) and 1-(6-((17beta-3-methoxyestra-1,3,5(10)-trien-17-yl)amino)hexyl)-1H-pyrrole-2,5-dione (U73122) inhibited the bradykinin-induced Ca(2+) release and Ca(2+) influx, consistent with the inhibition of receptor-gated Ca(2+) channels and phospholipase C (PLC) in CECs, respectively. These results demonstrate that bradykinin directly stimulates B(2) receptors and subsequently Ca(2+) mobilization via a PTX-insensitive G protein in canine CECs. These results suggest that bradykinin-induced Ca(2+) influx into the cells is not due to depletion of these Ca(2+) stores, as prior depletion of these pools by TG has no effect on the bradykinin-induced Ca(2+) influx that is dependent on extracellular Ca(2+) in CECs.