中国及其邻近地区兽类分布的趋势

本文应用Terent'ev(1963)始创的方格法对我国及其邻近地区的兽类(除冀手目外)进行了统计,揭示和初步阐述了兽类及其各目中:(一)种的分化中心和密度分布趋势;(二)种的密度分布与纬度及三大自然区主要自然因素的关系。最后,以Schilder(1956)的方法编制了中国与邻近地区兽类区系种的相似性及其数量关系图,提出若干值得进一步探讨的分布现象。

THE DISTRIBUTION TENDENCY OF LAND MAMMALS IN CHINA AND ADJACENT AREAS

The distribution tendency of land mammals, except the bats, of China and adjacent areas has been examined using Terent'ev's quadrate technique (1963). Two broad patterns can be classified :1, Tending to be more even as a vicariance pattern (Lepori-dae, Pholidota, Myospalaeinae); 2, Concentrating in. given regions with the highest diversity areas coinciding with the four relatively extreme climate regions: (a) Heung-duan Mountains (most of the groups); (b) Northeastern Asia (Sorex, Microtus, Cle-thrionomys): (c) Central Asia (Dipodidae, Gerbillinae, Procapra); (d) Southern Asia (Primates, most Insectivora, Viverridae).The gradient of species densities of the mammals shows in Fig. 1. Of the various groups, the gradients show a general tendency related respectively to the trends of crucial climatological variable existing in each of the three natural divisions in the continent (Pig. 2-5).A graph compiled by Schilder's method (1959) indicates the relationships and specific affinities between the zoogeographical regions and subregions of the areas studied (Fig. 6).