Protein synthesis requirement for maturation promoting factor (MPF) initiation of meiotic maturation in Rana oocytes.

Mechanisms controlling disintegration or breakdown of the germinal vesicle (GVBD) in Rana oocytes were investigated. A secondary cytoplasmic maturation promoting factor (MPF), produced in response to steroid stimulation, was shown to induce maturation when injected into immature recipient oocytes. Exposure of immature Rana oocytes to cycloheximide following injection of MPF or steroid treatment completely inhibited such maturation. Results indicate that injected MPF required protein synthesis for germinal vesicle breakdown and thus acted at some translational level. These results contrast with data obtained in Xenopus oocytes where injected MPF induced maturation in the presence of cycloheximide. Cytoplasmic MPF was also produced in Rana oocytes following treatment with lanthanum salts. This activity was similarly inhibited by cycloheximide. Time course studies conducted to compare the onset of cycloheximide insensitivity in steroid-treated and MPF-injected oocytes demonstrated that MPF-injected oocytes become insensitive to cycloheximide prior to steroid-treated germ cells. These results suggest that MPF acts as an intermediary in progesterone-induced maturation. Insensitivity to cycloheximide occurred several hours prior to the onset of germinal vesicle breakdown in both MPF-injected and steroid-treated oocytes. The data indicate that injected MPF in Rana does not induce nuclear disintegration directly, but rather requires amplification and/or autocatalytic synthesis of additional MPF or other factors for maturation to be induced. Molecular mechanisms involved in nuclear disintegration are discussed in relation to these species differences.