基于流式细胞术快速检测人鼻黏膜组织淋巴细胞亚群的实验研究

目的：基于流式细胞术检测正常人的鼻黏膜组织中的淋巴细胞亚群(CD3+T、CD4+T、CD8+T、NK、CD19+B)的比例，初步探讨 鼻局部黏膜免疫功能的意义，为鼻局部黏膜免疫性疾病的研究提供更多的参考。方法：用鼻黏膜刮匙获取21 例正常人的鼻黏膜 组织，并抽取其外周血2 mL。采用流式细胞术分别检测其鼻黏膜和外周血中的淋巴细胞亚群(包括CD3+T、CD4+T、CD8+T、NK、 CD19+B)分别所占的比例。结果：鼻黏膜和外周血的淋巴细胞亚群存在很大差异，与外周血相比，CD3+T 比例增加（t=15.34，P<0. 0001)，CD4+T 比例降低(t=5.952，P<0.0001)、CD8+T 比例增加(t=12.44，P<0.0001)、NK 比例降低(t=4.865，P<0.0001)、CD19+B 比例降 低(t=15.56，P<0.0001)，CD4+T/CD8+T 降低。结论：流式细胞术可以用来检测鼻黏膜的淋巴细胞亚群，鼻黏膜的淋巴细胞亚群和外 周血的淋巴细胞亚群存在很大差异，这种差异体现鼻黏膜组织独特的局部黏膜免疫功能，本方法为变应性鼻炎的研究提供了新 的研究途径。

A Preliminary Study on the Rapid Detection of Human Nasal Tissue Lymphocyte Subpopulations based on Flow Cytometry

Objective:To detect the ratio of lymphocyte subsets (CD3+T, CD4+T, CD8+T, NK, CD19+B) in nasal mucosal tissues of normal people based on the method of flow cytometry, and investigate the meaning of topical nasal mucosal immune function to provide a new method for the study of topical nasal mucosal immune disease.Methods:21 cases of nasal mucosal tissues from normal people were obtained with nasal mucosal wiper and the 2 mLperipheral blood was extracted; flow cytometry was performed to detect the respective ratios of lymphocyte subsets (CD3+T, CD4+T, CD8+T, NK, CD19+B) in these nasal mucosal tissues and peripheral blood.Results:There was significant difference in the ratio of lymphocyte subsets between nasal mucosal tissues and peripheral blood. Compared with the ratio of lymphocyte subsets in peripheral blood, CD3+T in the nasal mucosal tissues increased (P<0.0001), CD4+T decreased (P<0. 0001), CD8+T increased (P<0.0001), NK decreased (P<0.0001), CD19+B decreased (P< 0.0001) and CD4+T/CD8+T reduced.Conclusion:Flow cytometry could be used to detect lymphocyte subsets in nasal mucosal tissues; significant differences exsisted in the ratio of lymphocyte subsets between nasal mucosal tissues and peripheral blood, which reflected the unique topical mucosal immune function of nasal mucosal tissues; this method provided a new way for the research of allergic rhinitis.