The presence of exotic Hypnea flexicaulis (Rhodophyta) in the Mediterranean Sea as indicated by morphology, rbcL and cox1 analyses |
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| Authors: | Marion Adelheid WolfAdriano Sfriso Carlo AndreoliIsabella Moro |
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| Institution: | a Department of Biology, University of Padova, Via U. Bassi, 58/B 35131 Padova, Italy
b Department of Environmental Sciences, University of Venice, Calle Larga 2137, 30123 Venice, Italy |
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| Abstract: | Here we report the first finding of Hypnea flexicaulis Yamagishi and Masuda in the Mediterranean Sea (Lagoon of Venice, Italy), identified through molecular analyses using the plastid ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase (rbcL) and the mitochondrial protein-coding cytochrome c oxidase subunit I (cox1) genes. The phylogenetic reconstruction, based on rbcL + cox1 multiple alignment, showed that all specimens of H. flexicaulis from Venice, Korea, Philippines and Taiwan were included in a monophyletic group supported by a bootstrap value of 100%.It is highly probable that H. flexicaulis has been introduced from Indo-Pacific populations, in particular the Korean one, probably via ship traffic or shellfish transfers.The use of DNA barcoding combined with morphological observations was, in this case, a rapid way to identify this allochthonous species. |
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| Keywords: | Exotic macroalgae Hypnea flexicaulis Mediterranean Sea Venice Lagoon cox1 rbcL |
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