基于线粒体控制区序列的猕猴属系统发育研究

通过线粒体部分控制区DNA序列数据探讨7种猕猴属物种的分子系统发育关系。结果表明熊猴的核苷酸多样度最高，而藏酋猴核苷酸多样度较低。基于控制区序列数据所构建的最大似然树，不考虑食蟹猴的位置，7种猕猴物种可粗略地分为3个种组，即狮尾猴组(包括北平顶猴)、头巾猴组(包括红面猴、熊猴和藏酋猴)和食蟹猴组(包括恒河猴和台湾猴)。与前人(Fooden＆Lanyon，1989；Tosi et al，2003a；Deinard＆Smith，2001；Evans et al，1999；Hayasaka et al，1996；Morales＆Melnick，1998)的结果不同，我们的结果支持食蟹猴比北平顶猴分化早的假设；东部恒河猴(相对于台湾猴)和东部熊猴(相对于藏酋猴)出现并系。与Y染色体、等位酶、核基因以及部分形态学数据推测的结果(Delson，1980；Fooden＆Lanyon。1989；Fooden，1990；Tosi et al，2000，2003a，b；Deinard＆Smith，2001)一致，红面猴应归于头巾猴组，但此结论与前人(Hayasaka et al，1996；Morales＆Melnick，1998；Tosi et al，2003a)依据线粒体得到的结果有较大分歧。

A Molecular Phylogeny of Macaca Based on Mitochondrial Control Region Sequences

Nucleotide sequences of segments of the mitochondrial control regions were analyzed to infer the phylogenetic relationships among 7 macaques.High nucleotide diversity in Macaca assamensis and relatively low diversity in M.thibetana were found.Based on the ML tree from control regions,species in our study can roughly be sorted into three species groups except for the phylogenetic position of M.fascicularis,i.e.,silenus group,including M.leonina;sinica group,including M.arctoides,M.assamensis,and M.thibetana;and fascicularis group,including M.mulatta and M.cyclopis.A discrepancy between earlier studies (Fooden & Lanyon,1989;Tosi et al,2003a;Deinard & Smith,2001;Evans et al,1999;Hayasaka et al,1996;Morales & Melnick,1998),our result supported the hypothesis that M.fascicularis diverged earlier than M.leonina.Mitochondrial paraphyly in eastern M.mulatta (with respect to M.cyclopis) and eastern M.assamensis (with respect to M.thibetana) were clearly observed in our study.In accordance with the results of Y chromosome,allozyme,nuclear genes and some morphological data (Delson,1980;Fooden & Lanyon,1989;Fooden,1990;Tosi et al,2000,2003a,b;Deinard & Smith,2001),our study on control region sequences supported M.arctoides to be classified into the sinica group.However,this result disagreed with the previous mtDNA studies (Hayasaka et al,1996;Morales & Melnick,1998;Tosi et al,2003a).