Root,shoot and soil parameters required for process-oriented models of crop growth limited by water or nutrients |
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Authors: | Meine van Noordwijk Siebe C van de Geijn |
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Institution: | (1) Research Institute for Agrobiology and Soil Fertility (AB-DLO), P.O. Box 14, 6700 AA Wageningen;(2) P.O. Box 30003, 9750 RA Haren, the Netherlands;(3) Present address: ICRAF-S.E. Asia, P.O. Box 161, 16001 Bogor, Indonesia |
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Abstract: | A review is given of the prospects for using process-oriented models of water and nutrient uptake in improving integrated agriculture. Government-imposed restrictions on the use of external inputs will increase the likelihood of (temporary) nutrient or water stress in crop production in NW Europe and thus a better understanding is required of shoot-root-soil interactions than presently available. In modelling nutrient and water uptake, three approaches are possible: 1) models-without-roots, based on empirically derived efficiency ratios for uptake of available resources, 2) models evaluating the uptake potential of root systems as actually found in the field and 3) models which also aim at a prediction of root development as influenced by interactions with environmental factors. For the second type of models the major underlying processes are known and research can concentrate on model refinement on the one hand and practical application on the other. The main parameters required for such models are discussed and examples are given of practical applications. For the third type of models quantification of processes known only qualitatively is urgently needed. |
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Keywords: | diffusion models nitrogen nutrient uptake phosphorus process-oriented resource use rooted volume rooting density root parameters roots spatial distribution uptake models water uptake zero sink |
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