Androgens and the social behavior of male and female lizards (Anolis carolinensis)

This study investigated the androgen specificity of aggressive and sexual behavior in the lizard Anolis carolinensis and the capacity of females of this species to exhibit male-typical copulation. Gonadectomized males and females were injected with testosterone propionate (TP) or dihydrotestosterone propionate (DHTP) or were implanted with Silastic tubing containing TP or DHTP. Either TP or DHTP activated male-typical sexual behavior in both males and females and activated aggressive behavior in males; DHTP activated aggressive behavior in females. Thus conversion of androgen to estrogen is not essential for these behavior patterns, and endogenous dihydrotestosterone may be important. TP but not DHTP stimulated receptivity in females, suggesting that conversion of testosterone to estrogen may underlie TP-stimulated receptivity. Females treated with TP did not differ from males in their display of male-typical courtship, neck-clasping, and intromission.