华南虎、东北虎、孟加拉虎的D-100p和ND5序列及其在系统进化分析中的应用

本文采用PCR和质粒克隆测序方法，获得了华南虎线粒体D-loop区的480bp序列和东北虎、孟加拉虎线粒体D-loop区的503bp序列；同时还获得了这三个虎亚种和金钱豹线粒体ND5基因5’端309bp的部分序列。根据D-loop序列分析，华南虎与孟加拉虎、东北虎的平均距离(p-distance)分别为0．11088和O．11087，而东北虎与孟加拉虎间的平均距离为0．00994；根据ND5序列分析，华南虎与孟加拉虎、东北虎的平均距离分别为0．11434和0．11758，而东北虎与孟加拉虎间的平均距离为0．00324。三个虎亚种的mtDNA D-loop和ND5序列比较表明，华南虎是这三个虎亚种中最为古老的亚种。

Mitochondrial D-loop and NADH Dehydrogenase Subunit 5 (ND5) Gene of Panthera tigris amoyensis, P. tigris altaica and P. tigris tigris and Their Application in Phylogenetic Analysis

Using oligonucleotide primers designed to match hypervariable segments I (HVS-1) of Panthera tigris mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA), 480 bp sequence was amplified in the South China tiger(Panthera tigris amoyensis)and 503 bp sequences were amplified in the Siberian tiger (P. tigris altaica) and the Bengal tiger (P. tigris tigris). At the same time, 309 bp sequences of ND5 were also obtained from these three subspecies of tigers and leopard (Felis pardus linnaeus). Based on mtDNA D-loop sequence analysis, the genetic distance was 0.110 88 between the South China tiger and the Bengal tiger, 0.110 87 between the South China tiger and the Siberian tiger, 0.009 94 between the Siberian tiger and the Bengal tiger and the similar results were obtained based on the mtDNA ND5 sequence analysis. The results from aligned sequences of the mitochondrial D-loop and ND5 support the South China tiger was the most ancient among the these three subspecies of tigers.