人类肠道菌群与疾病关系的元基因组学研究进展

人体的生理健康除受自身基因的调控外,还受到肠道菌群的影响。人体肠道内的细菌有1 000～1 150种,其中160种为优势菌种,存在不同类型的生态学相互作用。肠道细菌的300多万个基因被视为人类的"第二基因组",在正常人体健康状态下,肠道微生物种群处于平衡状态,而在宿主患病期,菌群失调或紊乱。采用元基因组学研究能在更高更复杂层次上揭示肠道菌群之间的生命运动规律。本文系统综述了元基因组学对肠道菌群与肥胖、糖尿病、炎症性肠病等疾病之间关系的研究进展。

Research progress on the relationship between human intestinal microbiota and host diseases

Human physical health is regulated by the auto genes as well as the intestinal flora. There are 160 species of dominant strains among the 1 000 to 1 150 species of bacteria which exist in human＇s intestines and they interact ecologically. Over 3 millions of the genes of intestinal flora are considered as the second genome of human. The enteric micro- organisms show euhiosis when host is healthy, whereas they turn into dyshiosis when the host takes a disease. Metagenomic studies can reveal the relationship between intestinal microhiota and the host in much deeper level. This review systematically s-mmarizes the metagenomic studies on the relations between enteric microorganism and diseases such as obesity,dia- betes and diarrhea and so on.